檢視瓦西里·謝爾蓋耶維奇·卡林尼科夫的原始碼

'''瓦西里·謝爾蓋耶維奇·卡林尼科夫'''（'''Vasily Kalinnikov''';[[俄語]]：'''ВасилийСергеевичКалинников''';1866年1月13日;[[奧廖爾省]] - 1901年1月11日，[[雅爾塔]]）是一位[[俄羅斯]][[作曲家]]。

[[File:瓦西里·謝爾蓋耶維奇·卡林尼科夫.jpg| thumb |300px|有框|右|瓦西里·謝爾蓋耶維奇·卡林尼科夫[http://www.eclassical.com/kalinnikov-vasily-sergeyevich/kalinnikov-tsar-boris-epic-poem-the-nymphs.html 照片來自eclassical.com]]]

== 生平 ==
他的作品包括兩部交響曲，幾首額外的管弦樂作品和眾多歌曲，所有這些都充滿了民歌的特點。<br>
他的交響曲，特別是第一部，經常在20世紀初進行。<br>
他的弟弟[[Viktor Kalinnikov]]（1870-1927）也是一位作曲家，主要是合唱音樂。<br>
<br>
卡林尼科夫是一名警察的兒子。<br>
他在奧廖爾的神學院學習，十四歲時成為合唱團的導演。後來他去了莫斯科音樂學院，卻收不到學費。<br>
在獲得獎學金後，他前往莫斯科愛樂協會學校，在那裡他獲得了[[亞歷山大·伊林斯基]]的巴鬆管作曲課程。<br>
他在戲劇管弦樂隊演奏巴鬆管，定音鼓和小提琴，作為音樂抄寫員的收入。<br>
<br>
1892年，[[彼得·伊里奇·柴可夫斯基]]（[[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]]）推薦卡林尼科夫（Kalinnikov）成為[[馬利劇院]]（Maly Theatre）的主要指揮，並於同年晚些時候前往莫斯科意大利劇院。<br>
然而，由於他的結核病惡化，卡林尼科夫不得不辭去他的劇院任命並搬到克里米亞更溫暖的南部地區。<br>
他一生都住在[[雅爾塔]]，在那裡他寫下了他的音樂的主要部分，包括他的兩部交響曲和阿列克謝托爾斯泰的沙皇鮑里斯的偶然音樂。<br>
他於1901年1月11日死於肺結核，就在他35歲生日前兩天。<br>
<br>
由於[[Sergei Rachmaninoff]]的幫助，柴可夫斯基的出版商[[P. Jurgenson]]以120盧布購買了三首Kalinnikov的歌曲，後來又獲得了A大調的第二交響曲。<br>
在他的一生中在[[柏林]]，[[維也納]]和[[莫斯科]]演出，但直到他去世後才公佈，因此Jurgenson增加了他支付給Kalinnikov的費用，並付給他們他的家人，他還有一位兄弟[[Viktor]]倖存下來，他在莫斯科愛樂協會學校教授合唱音樂並任教。<br>
<br>
他的名聲是在他的第一交響曲中建立的，寫於1894年和1895年之間，當Vinogradsky在1897年2月20日在基輔舉行的俄羅斯音樂協會音樂會上演出時，他取得了巨大的成功。在莫斯科，維也納，柏林和巴黎迅速進行了進一步的表演。（Spencer 2001）。<br>
<br>
在俄羅斯，他的第一交響曲仍然在劇目中（Spencer 2001）。<br>
1943年11月7日，[[阿圖羅·托斯卡尼尼]]（[[Arturo Toscanini]]）在第一交響曲的罕見廣播節目中指揮了NBC交響樂團。<br>

== 作品 ==
;Opera
* ''In 1812'' (В 1812 году) (1899–1900); incomplete

;Orchestral
* Fugue in D minor (1889)
* ''Nymphs'' (Нимфы), Symphonic Picture after [[Ivan Turgenev]] (1889)
* [[Serenade for Strings (Kalinnikov)|Serenade]] (Серенада) in G minor for string orchestra (1891)
* [[Suite for Orchestra (Kalinnikov)|Suite]] (Сюита) in B minor (1891–1892)
* ''Bylina'' (Былина: Эпическая поэма), Epic Poem (Overture) (c. 1892)
* Overture in D minor (1894)
* [[Symphony No. 1 (Kalinnikov)|Symphony No. 1]] in G minor (1894–1895)
* Symphony No. 2 in A major (1895–1897)
* Intermezzo No. 1 (Интермеццо № 1) in F{{music|sharp}} minor (1896)
* Intermezzo No. 2 (Интермеццо № 2) in G major (1897)
* ''The Cedar and the Palm'' (Кедр и пальма; Le Cèdre et le palmier), Symphonic Picture after [[Heinrich Heine]] (1897–1898)
* ''Tsar Boris'' (Царь Борис), Incidental Music to the tragedy by [[Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy]] (1898)

;Piano
* Moderato in E{{music|flat}} minor
* ''Polonaise on a Theme from Symphony No. 1'' (Полонез на темы Симфонии № 1) in B{{music|flat}} major for piano 4-hands
* Scherzo in F major (1888–1889)
* ''Chanson triste'' (Грустная песенка) in G minor (1892–1893)
* Nocturne (Ноктюрн) in F{{music|sharp}} minor (1892–1893)
* ''Élégie'' (Элегия) in B{{music|flat}} minor (1894)
* Minuet (Менуэт) in E major (1894)
* ''Russian Intermezzo'' (Русское интермеццо) in F minor (1894)
* Waltz (Вальс) in A major (1894)

;Vocal
* ''Come to Me'' (Приди ко мне) for soprano, alto, baritone and piano; words by [[Aleksey Koltsov]]
* ''I Am Yours, My Darling'' (Я ли тебя, моя радость) for voice and piano; words by [[Heinrich Heine]]
* ''I Would Like to Make My Songs into Wonderful Flowers'' (Я желал бы своей песней) for voice and piano; words by [[Heinrich Heine]]
* ''On the Old Burial Mound'' (На старом кургане) for voice and piano (1887); words by [[Ivan Savvich Nikitin]]
* ''On Your Lovely Little Shoulder Dear'' (На чудное плечико милой; An Liebchens schneeweisse Schulter) for voice and piano (1887); words by [[Heinrich Heine]] in translation by Vasily Pavlovich Fyodorov (1883–1942)
* ''When Life Is Weighed Down with Suffering'' (Когда жизнь гнетут страданья и муки) for voice and piano (1887); words by Polivanov
* ''16 Musical Letters'' (16 Музыкальных писем) for voice and piano (1892–1899)
* ''Bright Stars'' (Звёзды ясные) for voice and piano (1894); words by [[Konstantin Fofanov]]
* ''The Gentle Stars Shone Down on Us'' (Нам звёзды кроткие мерцали) for voice and piano (1894); words by [[Aleksey Pleshcheyev]]
* ''There Was an Old King'' (Был старый король) for voice and piano (1894); words by [[Heinrich Heine]] in translation by [[Aleksey Pleshcheyev]]
* ''A Present for 1 January 1900'' for voice and piano (1899)
* ''Bells'' (Колокола) for voice and piano (1900); words by [[Grand Duke Constantine Constantinovich of Russia|K. R.]]
* ''Prayer'' (Молитва: "О Боже мой") for voice and piano (1900); words by [[Aleksey Pleshcheyev]]
* ''Do Not Ask Why I Smile in Thought'' (Не спрашивай, зачем...) for voice and piano (1901); words by [[Alexander Pushkin]]

;Choral
* ''The Triumph of Lilliput'' for chorus and piano
* ''Cherubic Hymn No. 1'' (Херувимская песнь № 1) for chorus (1885)
* ''Cherubic Hymn No. 2'' (Херувимская песнь № 2) for chorus (1886)
* ''The Mountain Tops'' (Горные вершины) for chorus (1887)
* ''Christe Eleison'' for chorus (1889)
* ''Lord, Our Lord'' for chorus (1889)
* ''Ioann Damaskin'' (Иоанн Дамаскин), Cantata for soloists, chorus and orchestra (1890); words by [[Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy]]
* ''A Beautiful Girl Sits by the Sea'' (Баллада: Над морем красавица дева сидит), Ballade for female chorus and orchestra (1894); words by [[Mikhail Lermontov]]

== 視頻Video ==

===YouTube 視頻===
{{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVakXOkE2G4}}

===YOUKU 优酷===
 {{#ev:youku|XMzEwODI0ODY3Mg}}


== 參考文獻 ==
<ref>Anon. n.d.(a). Василий Сергеевич Калинников</ref>
<ref>Anon. n.d.(b). "Discography". Toscaninionline.com</ref>
<ref>Anon. 2004. Василий Сергеевич Калинников</ref>
<ref>Anon. 2006. "New Releases for December 2006". Testament.co.uk (accessed 13 September 2014).</ref>
<ref>Anon. 2015. "Finale from Symphony No. 1—Parts and Score, Biggies—Major Works, New and Recent Titles". Just Music Wind Band sales site.</ref>
<ref>Spencer, Jennifer. 2001. "Kalinnikov, Vasily Sergeyevich". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.</ref>

==參考資料== 
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:作曲家]]