三寶木檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
三寶木 |
中文名:三寶木 拉丁學名:Trigonostemon chinensis Merr. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:大戟目 亞 目:大戟亞目 科:大戟科 亞 科:巴豆亞科 族:花戟族 屬:三寶木屬 種:三寶木 |
三寶木(sān bǎo mù),學名 Trigonostemon chinensis Merr.,俗名:黃木樹、馮欽三寶木,異名:Trigonostemon huangmosu Trigonostemon chinensis f. fungii Trigonostemon wui Trigonostemon fungii Trigonostemon leucanthus var. hainanensis Trigonostemon harmandii ,大戟科三寶木屬植物。分布於廣西、廣東、海南。 [1]
三寶木形態特徵
灌木,高2-4米;嫩枝密被黃棕色柔毛,老枝近無毛。葉薄紙質,倒卵狀橢圓形至長圓形,長8-18厘米,寬3-5.5厘米,頂端短尖,常驟狹呈尾狀;
基部楔形,全緣或上部有不明顯疏細齒,嫩葉兩面密生很快脫落長柔毛,成長葉無毛或近無毛,上面常密生細小疣狀突起;側脈每邊6-8條;
葉柄長1-2厘米,初被短硬毛,後幾無毛,頂端有2枚錐狀小腺體。圓錐花序,頂生,長9-18厘米,分枝細長,開展,被疏柔毛至近無毛;雄花:花梗纖細,長2-5毫米;
萼片5枚,長圓形,長約1.2毫米,被疏毛;花瓣倒卵形,長5-6.5毫米,黃色;花盤環狀;雄蕊3枚,花絲合生,頂部分離;雌花:花梗棒狀,長1-1.5厘米;
萼片5枚,披針形,其中3枚較大,長5-6毫米,外面具疏毛;花瓣倒卵形,長12毫米,黃色;子房無毛,花柱3,短,柱頭近頭狀。蒴果近球形,直徑約1.2厘米,具3縱溝,無毛。花期4-9月。
Trigonostemon chinensis f. fungii (Merrill) Y. T. Chang; T. fungii Merrill; T. harmandii Gagnepain; T. huangmosu Y. T. Chang; T. leucanthus Airy Shaw var. hainanensis H. S. Kiu; T. wui H. S. Kiu.
Shrubs 2-4 m tall; young branches with densely yellow-brown pubescence, glabrescent at maturity. Petiole 1-2 cm, hispidulous to glabrescent, with 2 conical glands; leaf blade obovate-elliptic to oblong, 8-18 × 3-5.5 cm, thinly papery, hirsute or villous on both surfaces when young, glabrous or glabrescent at maturity, usually densely tuberculate adaxially, base cuneate to rounded, margins entire or obscurely serrulate at upper part, apex acute, usually attenuate into cauda; lateral veins 6-8. Racemes terminal, 9-18 cm, branching, spreading, pilose or hispidulous to glabrescent.
Male flowers: pedicel delicate, 2-5 mm; sepals 5, oblong, ca. 1.2 mm, pilose; petals obovate, 5-6.5 mm, yellow; disk annular; stamens 3; filaments connate at and below middle, free at upper part.
Female flowers: pedicel clavate, 1-15 cm; sepals 5, lanceolate, unequal, 5-6 mm, exterior pilose; petals obovate, ca. 12 mm, yellow; ovary glabrous; styles 3, short; stigmas subcapitate. Capsules subglobose, ca. 1.2 cm in diam., glabrous, with 3 longitudinal grooves. Fl. Jan-Sep, fr. May-Nov.
分類文獻
Trigonostemon chinensis Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 21: 498. 1922; Croiz. et Metc. in Bull. Fan. Mem. Inst. Biol. new set. 1: 4. 1943; 海南植物志2: 174. 1965, excl. syn. T. fungii Merr.; 中國高等植物圖鑑2: 611, 圖2951. 1972
三寶木產地生境
產於廣西南部。生于山地密林中。越南北部也有分布。模式標本采白廣西防城。