叢生黃耆檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
叢生黃耆 |
中文學名:叢生黃耆 拉丁學名:Astragalus confertus Benth. ex Bunge 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:薔薇目 亞 目:薔薇亞目 科:豆科 亞 科:蝶形花亞科 族:山羊豆族·黃耆亞族 屬:黃耆屬 亞 屬:華黃耆亞屬 組:多枝組 |
叢生黃耆(cóng shēng huáng qí,學名 Astragalus confertus Benth. ex Bunge)是豆科,黃耆屬的植物。多年草本生,通常具單毛。莖發達,不明顯。羽狀複葉,托葉與葉柄離生,小葉全緣,總狀花序式,稀花單生,苞片通常小,膜質;花瓣下部常漸狹成瓣柄。分布於印度、巴基斯坦以及中國大陸的四川、青海、西藏等地,一般生於沙坡、河邊沙地、高山草甸、林緣草甸、河灘沙地和石坡,目前尚未由人工引種栽培。 [1]
叢生黃耆形態特徵
多年生草本。根粗狀,木質,直伸。莖多數叢生,高5-15厘米。
奇數羽狀複葉,具11-19片小葉,長1.5-3厘米;托葉膜質,基部互相多少合生,披針形,長1-1.5毫米,下面散生白色柔毛;小葉卵形或長圓狀卵形,長2-5毫米,寬1.5-2.5毫米,先端鈍尖或微凹,基部寬楔形,兩面被白色伏貼柔毛,具短柄。
總狀花序生6-8花,密集呈頭狀;總花梗近頂生,通常較葉短,被白色或混有黑色伏貼柔毛;苞片膜質,披針形,長約1.5毫米;小苞片缺;花梗短,密被黑色柔毛;花萼鍾狀,長約3毫米,外面散生黑色或混有白色柔毛,萼齒披針形,長約1毫米;
花冠青紫色,旗瓣寬倒卵形,長約7毫米,先端微凹,基部漸狹成瓣柄,契瓣與旗瓣近等長或稍短,瓣片長圓形,具短耳,瓣柄長約3毫米,龍骨瓣較翼瓣稍短,瓣片半圓形,先端深藍色,具短耳,瓣柄長約3毫米;子房線形,被伏貼短柔毛,具短柄。
莢果長圓形,稍彎曲,長5-8毫米,兩端尖,被伏貼短柔毛,果頸較宿萼稍短,1室,有少數種子。花期7-8月,果期8-9月。 [2]
Astragalus confertus Benth. ex Bunge in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. VII. 15 (1): 27. 1869; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit Ind. 2: 123. 1876; Pet. -Stib. in Acta Hort. Gothob. 12: 33. 1937-1938; 中國主要植物圖說·豆科379. 1955; Ali in Nasir et Ali, Fl. W. Pakist. 100: 160. 1977; 西藏植物志2: 838. 圖877 (8-15). 1985.
Plants 2-10 cm tall, acaulescent to shortly caulescent, densely caespitose; hairs appressed to subappressed, in vegeta-tive parts mostly white, 0.2-0.4 mm, sometimes mixed with black hairs. Stems mostly numerous, very short or to up to 5 cm, sparsely to loosely hairy. Leaves 1-2.5 cm; stipules 3-4 mm, free from petiole or shortly adnate, but distinctly connate before petiole, high connate behind stem, sparsely to rather densely hairy; petiole 0.5-0.8 cm, like rachis slender, loosely to rather densely covered with subappressed to ascending hairs; leaflets in 5-9 pairs, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 1.2-3 × 0.5-1.2 mm, both surfaces loosely to rather densely covered with appressed to slightly ascending hairs 0.5-0.7 mm, apex sub-acute to obtuse. Racemes 1-7-flowered; peduncle 0.5-4 cm, loosely covered with appressed white hairs 0.2-0.3 mm, toward raceme increasingly black hairy; bracts ca. 2 mm. Calyx 4.5-5 mm, densely to rather densely covered with appressed, pre-dominantly black hairs 0.1-0.3 mm; teeth 1.5-2 mm. Petals violet; standard widely elliptic to suborbicular, 10-12 × 6.5-8 mm, apex emarginate; wings 8-10 mm; keel 9-11 mm. Leg-umes (unripe) pendulous, with a stipe ca. 3 mm, white hairy.
叢生黃耆生長環境
生長於海拔3,500米至5,300米的地區,一般生於沙坡、河邊沙地、高山草甸、林緣草甸、河灘沙地和石坡。 [3]
叢生黃耆分布範圍
分布於青海、四川、西藏西北部。印度、巴基斯坦亦有分布。 [4]