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扁果青冈 |
中文名:扁果青冈 拉丁学名:Cyclobalanopsis chapensis (Hick. et A. Camus) Y. C. Hsu et H. W. Jen 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 Angiospermae 纲:双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 Archichlamydeae 目:山毛榉目 Fagales 科:壳斗科 Fagaceae 属:青冈属 Cyclobalanopsis 种:扁果青冈 |
扁果青冈(biǎn guǒ qīng gāng,学名 Cyclobalanopsis chapensis (Hickel et A. Camus) Y. C. Hsu et H. W. Jen,异名:Quercus chapensis Cyclobalanopsis shiangpyngensis Cyclobalanopsis koumeii )为青冈属下常绿乔木,产于云南,国外分布于越南。生于海拔1300-2000米沟谷湿润森林中。 [1]
扁果青冈形态特征
扁果青冈是 常绿乔木,高达20米。 小枝有沟槽及长圆形淡褐色皮孔,无毛或幼时有柔毛。
叶片革质,长椭圆形或长椭圆状披针形,长9-20厘米,宽2-4 (-5) 厘米,顶端渐尖,基部宽楔形或近圆形,叶缘1/3以上有细锯齿,中脉、侧脉在叶面均微凸起,在叶背显著凸起,侧脉每边15-20条,叶背支脉明显,老叶两面无毛;叶柄长1-2.5厘米,无毛。
壳斗盘形,包着坚果基部,直径2.5-3.5厘米,高5-12毫米,壁厚3-5毫米,内壁被黄色丝状毛;小苞片合生成6-9条同心环带,环带边缘牙齿状,被稀疏绒毛。
坚果扁球形,直径1.5-2.7厘米,高1-2.2厘米,顶端圆,基部平截,无毛或基部有疏毛,果脐平或微凹,直径约 1.5厘米。 [2]
分类文献
Cyclobalanopsis chapensis (Hick. et A. Camus) Y. C. Hsu et H. W. Jen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 14(2): 78. 1976 in clavi, cit. in adnot.;云南植物志2: 316.图99, 1-4. 1979;中国树木志2: 2295. 1985. ——Quercus chapensis Hick. et A. Camus in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 29: 598. 1923; et in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 5: 953. 1930; A. Camus, Chenes 1: 320. 1936-38.中国高等植物图鉴, 补编1: 122. 1982. ——Cyclobalanopsis koumeii Hu in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1: 151. 1951. ——C. shianpyngensis Hu l. c. p. 153.
Quercus chapensis Hickel & A. Camus, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 29: 598. 1923; Cyclobalanopsis koumeii Hu; C. shiangpyngensis Hu.
Trees to 20 m tall. Branchlets sulcate, villous or glabrous when young, lenticellate; lenticels grayish brown, oblong. Petiole 1-2.5 cm, glabrous; leaf blade oblong-elliptic to lanceolate, 9-20 × 2-4(-5) cm, leathery to thickly papery, glabrescent, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, margin apical 2/3 serrulate, apex acuminate; midvein and secondary veins abaxially prominent, adaxially slightly raised; secondary veins 15-20 on each side of midvein; tertiary veins abaxially conspicuous. Cupule saucer-shaped, 5-12 mm × 2.5-3.5 cm, covering base of nut, outside sparsely orangish brown tomentose, inside orangish brown sericeous, wall 3-5 mm thick; bracts in 6-9 rings, margin dentate. Nut oblate, 1-2.2 × 1.5-2.7 cm, glabrous or basally pilose, base flat, apex rounded to slightly depressed; scar ca. 1.5 cm in diam., flat or depressed; stylopodium ca. 3 mm in diam., umbonate. Fr. Oct-Dec.
Wet broad-leaved evergreen forests in mountain valleys; 1300-2000 m. S to SE Yunnan [Vietnam]
扁果青冈生长环境
生于海拔1 300-2 000米的沟谷湿润常绿阔叶林中。[3]