斜翼查看源代码讨论查看历史
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中文名:斜翼 学 名:Plagiopteron suaveolens Griff. 界:植物界 科:椴树科 属:斜翼属 种:斜翼 |
斜翼(xié yì)，学名：Plagiopteron suaveolens Griff.，俗名：华斜翼，异名：Plagiopteron chinense Plagiopteron fragrans Plagiopteron chinensis ，是椴树科、斜翼属植物。斜翼子房、花药顶端孔裂、气孔及叶片维管束断裂后可拉出弹性的细丝。 [1]
斜翼植物学史
根据园林部的引种记录，该物种由陶国达、李建武于2009年从瑞丽引入。由于藤本园内仅此一株开花，还未观测到果实，推测它可能具有自交不亲和的特点。
斜翼形态特征
蔓性灌木；嫩枝被褐色茸毛。叶膜质，卵形或卵状长圆形，长8-15厘米，宽4-9厘米，先端急锐尖，基部圆形或微心形，上面脉上有稀疏茸毛，下面密被褐色星状茸毛，全缘；
侧脉5-6对；叶柄长1-2厘米，被毛。圆锥花序生枝顶叶腋，通常比叶片为短，花序轴被茸毛；花柄长6毫米；小苞片针形，长2-3毫米；萼片3片，披针形，长约2毫米，被茸毛；
花瓣3片，长卵形，长4毫米，两面被茸毛；雄蕊长5毫米，花药球形，纵裂；子房被褐色长茸毛，胚珠侧生。
斜翼子房3室、花药顶端孔裂、气孔及叶片维管束断裂后可拉出弹性的细丝。斜翼的老茎上可以长出横向侧生的分枝环抱住大树的树干为其提供强有力的支撑。
Branchlets brown stellate tomentose. Petiole ca. 1 cm, densely tomentose; leaf blade elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-oblong, 8-15 × 4-9 cm, papery, abaxially densely brown stellate tomentose, adaxially finally pubescent on veins only, midvein strongly prominent abaxially, raised adaxially, lateral veins 5 or 6 pairs, base rounded or slightly cordate, less often acute to obtusely cuneate, or apparently finely crenate in dried material, margin entire, apex acute to acuminate.
Inflorescence paniculate, axillary, toward twig apices, usually shorter than leaf blade; peduncle densely brown stellate tomentose, lower unbranched part of peduncle 4-6 cm. Pedicel ca. 6 mm, tomentose; bracteoles lanceolate, 2-3 mm. Sepals (2-)4(or 5), spreading or re-flexed, unequal in size, lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm, tomentose. Petals 3 or 4, sepal-like, narrowly ovate, 3-4 mm, outside tomentose, inside with sparser weak hairs.
Stamens ca. 50; filaments filiform, 2-5 mm, glabrous; anthers globose or pyriform, minute, glabrous, dehiscent by apical pores. Ovary densely brown pubescent, 3-loculed; ovules 2 per locule; style ca. 2 mm, slender, tapering to apex, nearly as long as filaments, tomentose at base; stigma minute. Capsule woody, reportedly ca. 4 cm (Baas et al., loc. cit.), with 3 long obovate wings at apex, wings 2.5-3 cm, longitudinally veined, sparsely stellate hairy. Seeds unknown.
Scrub, evergreen forests; ca. 200 m. SW Guangxi [Myanmar, Thailand].
For Plagiopteron suaveolens Griffith as the correct name for the species, see Daniel (Taxon 40(4): 619-620. 1991).
This species is endangered in China; the few extant plants are in need of protection.
分类文献
Plagiopteron chinense X. X. Chen in Acta Botanica Yunnanica 2:331-333. 1980.
产地生境
产于广西龙州。生长于海拔220米的丘陵灌木林里。模式标本采自广西龙州县响水乡。
辨析
本属曾被Airy-Shaw另立一科，即斜翼科Plagiopteraceae, 参见 Willis, Dictionary Flowering Plants and Ferns. 7, ed. 1966。