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梭果黄耆 |
中文学名:梭果黄耆 拉丁学名:Astragalus ernestii Comb. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 目:蔷薇目 科:豆科 属:黄耆属 分布区域:产四川西部、 |
梭果黄耆(suō guǒ huáng qí,学名 Astragalus ernestii Comb.,俗名:小金黄耆,异名:Astragalus xiaojinensis Astragalus wilsonii Astragalus josephii ),豆科黄耆属植物。多年生草本。生于海拔3900-4500米的山坡草地或灌丛中。本种在四川康定地区代黄耆入药。 [1]
梭果黄耆形态特征
多年生草本,根粗壮,直伸,表皮暗褐色,直径1-2厘米。 茎直立,高30-100厘米,具条棱,无毛。
羽状复叶长7-12厘米,有9-17片小叶;叶柄长0.5-1.5厘米;托叶近膜质,离生,卵形或长圆状卵形,长10-15毫米,宽3-8毫米,先端尖,两面无毛,仅边缘散生柔毛,基部常有暗色、膨大的腺体;
小叶长圆形,稀为倒卵形,长10-24毫米,宽4-8毫米,先端钝圆,有细尖头,基部宽楔形或近圆形,两面无毛,具短柄。
密总状花序有多数花,花后稍疏;总花梗较叶长;苞片膜质,长圆形或倒卵形,长7-10毫米,宽3-4毫米,先端钝或尖,基部渐狭,边缘具黑色毛;花梗长2-3毫米,被黑色伏贴毛;花萼钟状,长9-10毫米,外面无毛,萼齿披针形,长2.5-3.5毫米,内面被黑色伏贴毛;
花冠黄色,旗瓣倒卵形,长约15毫米,先端微凹,基部渐狭,翼瓣较旗瓣稍短,瓣片长圆形,宽约1.5毫米,具短耳,瓣柄长约9毫米,龙骨瓣较翼瓣稍短,长13-14毫米,瓣片半卵形,宽约3毫米,瓣柄长约8毫米;子房被柔毛,具柄。
荚果梭形,膨胀,长20-22毫米,宽约5毫米,密被黑色柔毛,果颈稍长于萼筒,1室,有种子5-6颗。 花期7月,果期8-9月。 [2]
Astragalus ernestii Comb. in Not. Roy. Bot. Edinb. 12: 230. 1934; Pet. -Stib. is Acta Hort. Gothob. 12: 43. 1937-1938; 中国主要植物图说·豆科409. 图403.1955; 西藏植物志 2: 832. 图271 (4-6), 1985. ——A. wilsonii Simps. in Not. RoyBor. Gard. Edinb. 8: 248. 1955, non Greene 1879.
Astragalus josephii E. Peter; A. wilsonii N. D. Simpson; A. xiaojinensis Y. C. Ho.
Plants 25-60 cm tall, with hairs up to 0.3 mm. Stems up to 7 mm thick, glabrous. Leaves 4-10 cm; stipules 1-1.6 cm, lower ones laterally widened into a wide auricle, spreading to deflexed, at base with minute glands; leaflets in 6-9 pairs, nar-rowly elliptic, 6-24(-40) × 2.5-10 mm, glabrous on both sur-faces or loosely to sparsely covered with appressed white hairs abaxially. Racemes densely many flowered, later elongated and up to 8 cm; peduncle 5-10 cm, glabrous; bracts green, elliptic to somewhat spatulate, 3-4 mm, black or white ciliate. Calyx greenish, campanulate-tubular, 6-8 mm, deeply split on adaxial surface, tube glabrous; teeth 2-3 mm, both sides or only inner side and margins between teeth densely shortly black hairy. Petals pale yellow or purplish blue, blackish purple when dry; standard rectangular-oblong to obovate, 13-15 × 5-8 mm; wings 11-13 mm; keel 10-13 mm. Legumes with a stipe 4-11 mm, pendulous, narrowly ovoid, 1.5-2.5 cm, 4-6 mm high, sharply keeled ventrally, narrowly rounded dorsally, apex long acuminate; valves light brownish, densely covered with very short black nearly spreading hairs, loosely hairy or glabrescent with age.
● Abies forests, subalpine and alpine meadows; 3500-4300 m. Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan.
梭果黄耆生长环境
生于海拔3900-4500米的山坡草地或灌丛中。[3]
梭果黄耆分布范围
模式标本采自四川康定东俄洛。
梭果黄耆主要价值
【藏药】塞色:花治木保病疼痛,血痢,创伤。鲜全株治疮痈《滇省志》。功用同金翼黄芪A. chry-sopterus《藏本草》。
梭果黄耆参考文献
梭果黄耆(中国主要植物图说?豆科) Astragalus ernestii Comb. in Not. Roy. Bot. Edinb. 12: 230. 1934; Pet. -Stib. is Acta Hort. Gothob. 12: 43. 1937-1938; 中国主要植物图说?豆科409. 图403. 1955; 西藏植物志 2: 832. 图271 (4-6), 1985. ——A. wilsonii Simps. in Not. Roy Bor. Gard. Edinb. 8: 248. 1955, non Greene 1879.