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欧瑞香

来自 植物智 的图片

中文名:欧瑞香

拉丁学名:Thymelaea passerina

(Linn.) Cosson et Germ.

界:植物界

门:被子植物门

纲:双子叶植物纲

亚 纲:蔷薇亚纲

目:桃金娘目

科:瑞香科

属:欧瑞香属

种:欧瑞香

分布区域:新疆西部至中部

霍城伊宁库车

吉木萨尔奇台等县)

海 拔:400-1000

欧瑞香(ōu ruì xiāng),学名 Thymelaea passerina (L.) Cosson et Germ.,异名:Thymelaea arvensis Stellera annua Stellera passerina Ligia passerina Passerina annua ,是一种瑞香科欧瑞香属类生物。直立一年生草木,高(10—)40—70厘米;主根少分枝,黄褐色。分布于新疆西部至中部(霍城伊宁库车吉木萨尔奇台等县) 。 [1]

欧瑞香形态特征

直立一年生草木,高(10—)40—70厘米;主根少分枝,黄褐色;茎不分枝或少分枝,绿色,圆柱形,下部稍木质,上部纤细,无毛或散生很少的柔毛。

叶散生(互生),草质,线状披针形或狭披针形,长6—20毫米,宽1—2.5毫米,顶端渐尖,边缘全缘,不反卷,两面绿色,中脉稍明显,在下面微被柔毛,几无叶柄或叶柄极短。

花淡黄绿色,两性,1—5花簇生叶腋;苞片2,披针形,长2—3毫米,叶状,绿色,先端渐尖,边缘下部散生白色纤毛;花梗极短,被柔毛;花萼筒长2—3毫米,被紧贴的淡白色柔毛;

基部被白色长纤毛,裂片卵形,长0.5—1毫米,顶端钝形;雄蕊8,2轮,紧贴于花萼筒的中部以上,不伸出喉部,花丝极短,花药长圆形,长0.4毫米;无花盘或退化;

子房卵形,1室1胚珠,顶端被短的粗毛,花柱顶生,常偏向一侧,较短,柱头头状,微具乳突。果实卵形,不开裂,绿色,长2—3毫米,外果皮膜质,包藏于宿存的花萼筒内。 花期5—8月,果期7—10月。 

Stellera passerina Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 559. 1753; Ligia passerina (Linnaeus) Fasano; Passerina annua Wikström; S. annua Salisbury; Thymelaea arvensis Lamarck.

Herbs annual, erect, (10-)40-70 cm tall. Primary root rarely branched, yellow-brown. Stem usually single, erect, branched from above base, green, terete, slender, base slightly woody, glabrous or rarely puberulous. Leaves alternate; petiole very short to nearly absent; leaf blade green on both surfaces, linear-lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, 0.5-2 × 0.1-0.25 cm, herbaceous, abaxially puberulous, margin not revolute, apex acuminate; midrib inconspicuous, lateral veins obscure.

Inflorescence an axillary cluster of 1-5 flowers; bracts 2, leaflike, green, lanceolate, 2-3 mm, margin proximally sparsely whit e ciliate, apex acuminate, pubescent. Pedicel short, pubescent. Calyx yellowish green; tube 2-3 mm, exterior whitish pubescent, long white ciliate at base; lobes 4, ovate, 0.5-1 mm, apex obuse. Stamens 8, both whorls inserted above middle of calyx tube; filaments very short; anthers oblong, ca. 0.4 mm, included within calyx tube.

Disk absent or reduced. Ovary ovoid, with short, thick hairs at apex; style terminal; stigma capitate, slightly papillate. Drupe green, ovoid, 2-3 mm, indehiscent; enclosed in persistent calyx; epicarp membranous. Fl. May-Aug, fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18.

分类文献

Thymelaea passerina (Linn.) Cosson et Germ. Syn. Fl. Env. Paris ed. 2, 360. 1859, et Fl. Env. Paris ed. 2, 586. 1861; K. Tan in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 38(2): 236. 1980. ——Stellera passerina Linn. Sp. Pl. 559. 1753.——S. annua Salisb. Prodr., 282. 1796. ——Thymelaea arvensis Lam. Fl. France 3: 218. 1778. ——Ligia passerina (Linn.) Fasano in Atti Accad. Napol. 245. 1788.

欧瑞香分布范围生境

分布于新疆西部至中部(霍城伊宁库车吉木萨尔奇台等县) 。

生于海拔4001000米的农田附近、牧场、盐碱地的山坡、干涸河床。广布于欧洲中部和南部、亚洲西南部至中亚地区。种子繁殖,已引种到大洋洲和北美洲。

参考来源

  1. 欧瑞香, 植物智, 2020-01-18