畸形黄耆查看源代码讨论查看历史
| 畸形黄耆 |
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中文学名:畸形黄耆 拉丁学名:Astragalus anomalus Bunge in Mem. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:蔷薇目 亚 目:蔷薇亚目 科:豆科 亚 科:蝶形花亚科 族:山羊豆族黄耆亚族 属:黄耆属 亚 属:华黄耆亚属 组:短缩茎组 |
畸形黄耆（jī xíng huáng qí，学名：Astragalus anomalus Bunge in Mem.）为豆科黄芪属的植物，是我国的特有植物。产我国西藏南部（吉隆、聂拉木）。生于海拔3500-4100米间的山坡草地。据资料记载，产我国西藏西部的短梗黄耆 A. candolleanus Royle et Benth. 接近本种，它与本种的区别是花序几无总花梗，小叶数目较少等。因未见标本，故未编入。 [1]
畸形黄耆形态特征
匍匐小灌木，高约30厘米，疏被开展的白色长柔毛，基部常残存针刺状的叶柄和叶轴。 茎木质化，多少短缩，节间较托叶长。
奇数羽状复叶，具23-31片小叶，长5-12毫米，叶柄长2-4厘米；托叶膜质，基部与叶柄贴生，卵形或狭卵形，长5-12毫米，下面散生开展的白色长柔毛；小叶卵形或长圆状卵形，长4-10毫米，宽2-5毫米，先端钝或微凹，基部宽楔形或近圆形，上面近无毛，下面沿主脉和边缘散生白色长柔毛，具短柄。
总状花序生2-5花，基部集生，呈头状；总花梗长1-3厘米；苞片膜质，披针形，长10-12毫米；花萼管状，长13-15毫米，密被开展的褐色长柔毛或混有白色毛，萼齿披针形，长4-6毫米；
花冠黄色，旗瓣狭倒卵形，长22-24毫米，先端钝圆，基部渐狭成瓣柄，翼瓣较旗瓣略短，瓣片长圆形，基部具短耳，瓣柄与瓣片近等长，龙骨瓣较翼瓣短，长12-16毫米瓣片半卵形，较瓣柄短；子房狭卵形，密被白色长柔毛，具短柄。
荚果狭卵形，长达20毫米，先端具长喙，基部近无果颈，假2室。种子多数，肾形，长约2毫米。 花果期6-8月 。[2]
Astragalus anomalus Bunge in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. VII. 15 (1): 62. 1869; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 133. 1876; 西藏植物志2: 833. 图273. 1985.
Plants herbaceous or subshrubby, acaulescent to distinctly caulescent, white hairy, inflorescence sometimes also with black hairs. Stems, if present, up to 25 cm, spreading hairy. Leaves 5-12(-17) cm; stipules distinctly longitudinally nerved, adnate to petiole for 3-5 mm, lower ones 5-7 mm, glabrous or ciliate, upper ones 10-15 mm, mostly densely long hairy; petiole 1-3 cm, like rachis loosely to rather densely covered with ascending hairs 1-2(-2.5) mm, sometimes toward end of vegetation period hardening and persistent to next year; leaflets in 6-20(-28) pairs, elliptic to widely elliptic, 4-8(-14) × 2-5(-6) mm, mostly on both surfaces densely subappressed hairy, more rarely adaxially sparsely hairy to glabrous, very rarely hairy only at midvein abaxially, apex subacute to slightly re-tuse. Racemes subsessile (mostly in acaulescent plants) or with a hairy to subglabrous peduncle 0.5-5 cm, loosely 3-5-flow-ered; bracts 8-10 mm, hairy. Calyx 12-14(-16) mm, loosely to densely spreading white or white and black hairy; teeth 5-8 mm. Petals yellow; standard obovate, 18-23 × 8-12 mm, apex emarginate; wings 17-21 mm; keel 14-15 mm. Legumes subsessile, oblong, 10-17(-20) mm, 4-7 mm high and wide, with a straight or curved beak 3-10 mm, 2-locular; valves leathery, loosely to densely covered with spreading hairs.
Subalpine to alpine meadows and stony slopes; 1800-5000 m. Xinjiang, Xizang [Afghanistan, India, Kashmir, Nepal, Pakistan].
畸形黄耆生长环境
生长于海拔3500-4100米间的山坡草地。