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酸蔹藤 |
中文学名:酸蔹藤 拉丁学名:Ampelocissus artemisiifolia Planch. 门:被子植物门Angiospermae 纲:双子叶植物纲Dicotyledoneae 目:管花目Tubiflorae 科:葡萄科Vitaceae 属:酸蔹藤(九节铃)属 Ampelocissus 种:酸蔹藤 海拔区间:1400-2100 是否中国特有:是 是否引种栽培:非人工引种栽培 |
酸蔹藤(suān liǎn téng,学名 Ampelocissus artemisiifolia Planchon,异名:Ampelocissus artemisiaefolia ),木质藤本。小枝圆柱形,有纵棱纹,密被白色绒毛。卷须2叉分枝,相隔2节间断与叶对生。 [1]
酸蔹藤形态特征
木质藤本。小枝圆柱形,有纵棱纹,密被白色绒毛。卷须 2叉分枝,相隔2节间断与叶对生。
叶为3小叶,中央小叶卵圆形或菱形,长3-6厘米,宽2-3厘米,顶端急尖或渐尖,基部楔形,边缘每侧有5-14个圆钝锯齿,有时中裂或深裂,裂缺圆钝,侧生小叶卵圆形,长2-5.5厘米,顶端急尖或圆钝;
基部常极不对称,边缘外侧有5-11个圆钝锯齿,上面绿色,被稀疏蛛丝状绒毛,下面密被白色蛛丝状绒毛, 侧脉4-5对,网脉不明显;
叶柄长2.5-4厘米,中央小叶柄长0-0.5厘米,侧生小叶无柄或有极短的柄,被白色蛛丝状绒毛。
花序与叶对生,复二歧聚伞花序,基部分枝为一卷须;花序梗长6-7厘米,密被白色蛛丝状绒毛;花梗长1-2毫米,无毛;花蕾近球形,高1.5-2毫米,顶端圆形;萼碟形,边缘呈波状浅裂,外面无毛;
花瓣5,长卵圆形,高1.4-1.8毫米,外面无毛;雄蕊5,花药卵圆形,长宽近相等;花盘明显,波状浅裂;子房下部与花盘合生,花柱呈锥形,约有10条纵棱,柱头不明显扩大。
果实近球形,直径0.7-0.8厘米,有种子2-3颗;种子长椭圆形,顶端近圆形,基部有短喙,种脐在种子背面中部近圆形,表面有钝棱突起,上面种脊突出,腹部中棱脊突出,两侧洼穴呈沟状,从基部斜向上达种子顶端。
花期6月,果期8月。 [2]
英文介绍
Lianas, woody. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, densely tomentose with white hairs; tendrils bifurcate. Leaves 3-foliolate; petiole 2.5-4 cm; central petiolule absent to 5 mm, lateral petiolule very short, with white arachnoid tomentum, or lateral leaflets sessile; leaflets abaxially with dense white and arachnoid tomentum, adaxially with sparse arachnoid tomentum, lateral veins 4 or 5 pairs, veinlets inconspicuous; central leaflet oval or rhombic, sometimes cleft or divided, 3-6 × 2-3 cm, base cuneate, margin with 5-14 rounded and obtuse teeth on each side, apex acute or acuminate; lateral leaflets oval, 2-5.5 cm, base highly asymmetric, margin with 5-11 rounded and obtuse teeth, apex acute or obtuse. Compound dichasium leaf-opposed, with a tendril at base; peduncle 6-7 cm, with dense, white, arachnoid tomentum. Pedicel 1-2 mm, glabrous. Buds globose, 1.5-2 mm, apex rounded. Calyx saucer-shaped, glabrous, undulately lobed. Petals narrowly oval, 1.4-1.8 mm, glabrous. Anthers oval, nearly quadrate. Disk obvious, undulately lobed. Lower part of ovary adnate to disk, oval; style conical, ca. 10 ridges; stigma slightly expanded. Berry globose, 7-8 mm in diam., 2- or 3-seeded. Seeds oblong, base rostrate, apex subrounded, chalazal knot suborbicular. Fl. Jun, fr. Aug.
● Forests, shrublands; 1600-1800 m. Sichuan, Yunnan.
酸蔹藤分布范围
酸蔹藤生长环境
酸蔹藤生于山坡疏林中或灌丛中 ,海拔1400-2100米。模式标本采自云南宾川。 [3]