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雪球点地梅 |
中文名:雪球点地梅 拉丁学名:Androsace robusta (R. Knuth) Hand.-Mazz. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:合瓣花亚纲 目:报春花目 科:报春花科 族:报春花族 属:点地梅属 组:高山组 |
雪球点地梅(xuě qiú diǎn dì méi),学名:Androsace robusta (R. Knuth) Hand.-Mazz.,异名:Androsace muscoidea f. longiscapa Androsace villosa var. robusta Androsace villosa f. longiscapa Androsace villosa var. robusta f. longiscapa ,是报春花科植物。产于西藏南部聂拉木等地。生于山坡草地,海拔3100-5100米。分布于喜马拉雅山西段(克什米尔地区至尼泊尔)。 [1]
雪球点地梅形态特征
多年生草本,由多数着生于根出条上的莲座状叶丛形成密丛。叶丛紧密,圆球形,直径8-5毫米,通常新叶丛叠生于老叶丛上并同时自老叶丛发出数新根出条;
根出条粗壮,带紫色,长1-1.2厘米,顶端具小莲座状叶丛。叶两型,外层叶长圆形或狭倒卵状长圆形,长4-7毫米,宽约2毫米,先端锐尖或稍钝,背面中肋稍明显,早枯,棕褐色,无毛;
内层叶多数,舌状长圆形至舌状倒披针形,长5-6毫米,宽约1.5毫米,先端稍钝,腹面无毛或仅先端被毛,背面密被白色绵毛状长毛。花葶单一,细弱,高1-4厘米,密被白色卷曲柔毛;
伞形花序4-8花;苞片线形或狭披针形,长4-5毫米,两面被毛;花梗短于苞片或有时稍长;花萼近钟状,长约3毫米,密被白色长柔毛,分裂几达中部,裂片卵状长圆形,先端钝;
花冠紫红色;喉部黄色,直径6-8毫米,筒部与花萼近等长,裂片倒卵状圆形,边缘微呈波状。蒴果近球形,稍长于花萼。花期6-7月。
Androsace villosa Linnaeus var. robusta R. Knuth in Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 237 (Heft 22): 192. 1905; A. villosa var. robusta f. longiscapa R. Knuth; A. muscoidea Duby f. longiscapa (R. Knuth) Handel-Mazzetti.
Herbs perennial, forming dense cushions. Shoots sparsely villous, becoming glabrescent, purplish, 1--1.2 cm, leafy at apex. Leaf rosettes globose, 0.8--1.5 cm in diam. Leaves sessile, tightly overlapping, dimorphic. Outer leaves dark brown, ligulate to narrowly elliptic, 4--7 X 1.5--2 mm, both surfaces glabrescent or nearly so, sparsely ciliate, apex obtuse to acute; midvein raised abaxially.
Inner leaves numerous, ligulate-oblong to ligulate-oblanceolate, 5--6 X 1--1.5 mm, abaxially densely white lanate on distal 1/2, adaxially glabrescent or pubescent near apex, apex obtuse. Scapes solitary, 1--4 cm, sparsely sericeous; umbels 4--8-flowered, densely long white sericeous; bracts linear to narrowly lanceolate, 3--5 mm.
Pedicel ca. as long as to slightly longer than bracts. Calyx ca. 3 mm, parted nearly to middle; lobes ovate-oblong, long ciliate, apex obtuse. Corolla purple, with a yellow eye, 6--8 mm in diam.; lobes obovate-oblong, margin obscurely undulate, apex rounded. Fl. Jun-Jul.
雪球点地梅生活习性
生长于海拔3100-5100米山坡草地。
雪球点地梅分布范围
国外分布:西喜马拉雅山区。
国内分布:西藏自治区。
分类文献
Androsace robusta (R. Knuth) Hand. -Mazz. in Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 15: 279. 1927; C. M. Hu et Y. C. Yang in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 24: 228. 1986.——Androsace villosa var. robusta R. Knuth in Engl. Pflanzern. 22 (IV-237): 192. 1905. includ. f. longiscapa R. Knuth. ——Androsace muscoidea Ruby f. longiscapa (R. Knuth). Hand. -Mazz. l. c. 16: 163. 1931; S. Gould in Hara et. Williams, Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 3: 63. 1982.