烏竹
烏竹 |
中文名:烏竹 界:植物界 門:被子植物門Angiospermae 綱:單子葉植物綱 Monocotyledoneae 目:禾本目Graminales 科:禾本科Gramineae 亞 科:竹亞科Bambusoideae 族:簕竹超族BAMBUSATAE 倭竹族SHIBATAEEAE 亞 族:剛竹亞族 屬:剛竹屬Phyllostachys 組:剛竹組Sect. Phyllostachys 拼 音:wuzhu 中文學名:Phyllostachys varioauriculata |
烏竹(wū zhú),學名:Phyllostachys varioauriculata S. C. Li et S. H Wu,異名:Phyllostachys hispida ,為禾本科剛竹屬下的一個種。產安徽舒城,杭州植物園有栽培。模式標本采自安徽舒城。 [1]
目錄
烏竹形態特徵
竿直立,高3-4米,粗1.1-3厘米,表面有不規則細縱溝;最長節間長30厘米,幼竿綠色帶紫,微被白粉,有毛,粗糙,節下方白粉環明顯,老竿綠色或灰綠色;
竿環隆起,高於籜環;節內長3毫米。籜鞘薄紙質,暗綠紫色,先端有乳白色或淡紫色放射狀縱條紋,並有灰白色密集小剛毛和白粉,邊緣生纖毛;
竿下部籜鞘的上端有稀疏至稍密的棕色小點;籜耳紫色,鐮刀形或微弱,或僅在一側發達,耳繸與鞘口着生數條彎曲的繸毛;籜舌截平或微呈拱形,暗紫色,先端不整齊;
邊緣有紫色至白色纖毛呈流蘇狀;籜片直立,狹三角形至披針形,基部較寬,僅略窄於籜鞘頂部;綠紫色。末級小枝通常具2葉,寬0.9-1.5厘米;
葉耳微弱,鞘口有數條脫落性繸毛;葉片線形或線狀披針形,長5-11厘米,寬0.9-1.1厘米,下表面基部微被毛。筍期4月中旬。
Culms 3–4 m, 1–3 cm in diam.; internodes initially purple-green, becoming green or gray-green in age, ca. 30 cm, thinly white powdery, pilosulose, scabrous; nodal ridge raised, more prominent than sheath scar; intranode ca. 3 mm.
Culm sheaths dark green-purple, with milky-white or purplish stripes, at lower nodes distally scattered with small, brown spots, white powdery, distally densely strigose; auricles purple, falcate or small, often only one developed; oral setae flexuose; ligule dark purple, truncate or arcuate, erose, purple or white ciliate; blade purple-green, narrowly triangular to lanceolate, base slightly narrower than apex of sheath.
Leaves usually 2 per ultimate branch; auricles minute; oral setae deciduous; blade adaxially dark green, 5–11 × 0.9–1.5 cm, abaxially glaucous. Infloresence not known. New shoots Apr.
分類文獻
Phyllostachys varioauriculata S. C. Li et S. H. Wu in Journ.Anhui Agr. Coll. 1981 (2):49. 1981.——P. hispida S. C. Li et al. in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 20 (4): 492,493. f. 1.1982.
烏竹分布範圍
產安徽舒城,杭州植物園有栽培。模式標本采自安徽舒城。
烏竹主要價值
本種竿型不大,竿壁厚,篾性差,用途一般。