台湾金粟兰
台湾金粟兰 |
中文名:台湾金粟兰 拉丁学名:Chloranthus oldhamii 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:胡椒目 科:金粟兰科 属:金粟兰属 种:台湾金粟兰 分布区域:中国台湾 |
台湾金粟兰(tái wān jīn sù lán),学名:Chloranthus oldhamii Solms Laubach,异名:Chloranthus oldhami ,为胡椒目金粟兰科金粟兰属的植物,为台湾的特有植物。分布于台湾海拔400米至1,000米的地区,多生长在常绿阔叶林内,目前尚未由人工引种栽培。 [1]
目录
台湾金粟兰形态特征
台湾金粟兰是 多年生草本,高25-40厘米,全株光滑无毛;茎直立,下部节上具鳞片叶1对。叶对生,4片生于茎顶呈假轮生,纸质,宽椭圆形、圆形或宽卵形,长10-13厘米,宽6-9厘米;
顶端渐尖或长渐尖,基部宽楔形至圆形,边缘具细齿或锐锯齿,齿端有一腺体;侧脉5-7对;叶柄长6-9毫米。
穗状花序从茎顶抽出,总状分枝,分枝常对生,连总花梗长9-15厘米,总花梗长3.5-7厘米;苞片宽卵形或宽三角形,长1.2毫米,边缘有不整齐微齿,有少量淡黄色小点;
花白色;雄蕊3枚,药隔基部结合,着生于子房上部外侧,中央药隔有1个2室的花药,两侧药隔各有1个1室的花药,药隔长圆形或长椭圆形,中央的长约3毫米,两侧的长约2毫米;
药室长0.7毫米,生在药隔基部;子房倒卵形,长1.6毫米,有长约0.7毫米的花柱,柱头数裂。
核果倒卵形或梨形,栗褐色,长2-3毫米,具长约2.5毫米的柄。花期4月,果期5月。
Herbs perennial, 25-40 cm high, smooth, glabrous. Stems erect; basal nodes with 1 pair of scalelike leaves. Leaves opposite, 4-clustered on stem apex and false-whorled; petiole 6-9 mm;
leaf blade broadly elliptic, orbicular, or broadly ovate, 10-13 × 6-9 cm, papery, glandular mucronate, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margin serrulate or sharply serrate, apex acuminate to long acuminate;
lateral veins 5-7. Spikes arising from stem apex, racemosely branched; branches usually opposite, 9-15 cm with peduncles; peduncles 3.5-7 cm; bracts ovate or broadly triangular, ca. 1.2 mm, margin irregularly small dentate, with a few small, pale yellow dots.
Flowers white. Stamens 3; connectives oblong or long elliptic, connate at base, on outside of apical part of ovary; central connective ca. 3 mm, with a 2-loculed anther; lateral connectives ca. 2 mm, with a 1-loculed anther each;
thecae ca. 0.7 mm, at base of connective. Ovary obovoid, ca. 1.6 mm, with style ca. 0.7 mm; stigma several lobed. Drupes brown, obovoid or pyriform, 2-3 mm; stalk ca. 2.5 mm. Fl. Apr, fr. May. 2n = 30*.
台湾金粟兰分布范围
产于我国台湾。生于常绿阔叶林内,海拔400-1000米。