吉粟草
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中文名:吉粟草 拉丁学名:Gisekia pharnaceoides 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:中央种子目 科:番杏科 属:针晶粟草属 |
吉粟草(jí sù cǎo)，学名 Gisekia pharnaceoides L.，是番杏科、针晶粟草属植物针晶粟草（学名：Gisekia pharnaceoides）的别名。 [1]
目录
吉粟草形态特征
一年生草本，高20-50厘米。茎铺散，多分枝，无毛。叶片稍肉质，椭圆形或匙形，长1-2.5厘米，宽4-10毫米，顶端钝或急尖，基部渐尖，两面均有多数白色针状结晶体，下面更明显；
叶柄长2-10毫米，上面具沟。花小，多朵簇生成束或为伞形花序，腋生或生于两分枝之间；花梗细，长3-5毫米；花被片淡绿色，长圆形或卵形，钝头，长1.5-2毫米，有白色针晶体；
雄蕊5，离生，花丝近中部以下扩大成瓣状；心皮5，离生，扁圆形，果时与花被片等长；花柱5，分离。果肾形，具小疣状凸起，不开裂，为宿存花被片包围，果皮脆壳质，具白色针晶体；
种子稍黑色，平滑，具细小腺点，胚弯，较小于半圈。花期夏秋，果期冬季。
Herbs annual, 20-50 cm, prostrate. All parts streaked with linear white raphides. Petiole poorly defined, 2-10 mm; leaf blade elliptic, lanceolate, or spatulate, 1-2.5 cm × 4-10 mm, both surfaces with many white raphides, base attenuate, apex obtuse or subacute. Inflorescences mostly sessile, apparently axillary, densely umbel-like.
Flowers 5-20. Pedicel 3-5 mm. Tepals 5, green (to red), ovate, 1.5-2 mm, apex acute. Stamens 5, ca. 1 mm; filaments flattened and dilated at base. Carpels 5; styles short. Mericarp reniform, mostly spiny tuberculate, sometimes also some smooth, surrounded by persistent tepals. Seeds black, smooth, minutely pitted. Fl. summer-autumn, fr. winter.
Open, sandy habitats, often near the sea;; low elevations. Hainan [Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Vietnam; tropical and subtropical Africa; introduced in North America (SE United States)].
Collections from Iran and Pakistan with winged mericarps have been described as var. alata M. G. Gilbert.
吉粟草产地生境
产海南。生于海岸沙地。越南、印度、巴基斯坦、阿富汗及热带非洲也有。
分类文献
Gisekia pharnaceoides L., Mant. Pl. 2: 562. 1771; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 6644. 1879; Merr. et Chun in Sunyatsenia 2: 221. 1935; 海南植物志1: 379. 图198. 1964; Tard. -Bl. Fl. Camb. Laos et Vietn. fasc. 5: 90. pl. 1: 6-11. 1967; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 613.图1226. 1972.