圓果堇菜
圓果堇菜 |
中文學名:圓果堇菜 拉丁學名:Viola sphaerocarpa W. Beck 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:側膜胎座目 亞 目:山茶亞目 科:堇菜科 屬:堇菜屬 亞 屬:堇菜亞屬 組:合生托葉組 |
圓果堇菜(yuán guǒ jǐn cài,學名:Viola sphaerocarpa)是堇菜科堇菜屬的植物,為中國的特有植物。分布於中國大陸的四川等地,生長於海拔1,800米的地區,多生在山地林下、林緣以及灌木林下。 [1]
目錄
圓果堇菜形態特徵
多年生草本,無地上莖,高6-12厘米,略被短柔毛。根狀莖纖細,垂直,具不明顯結節,下部有分枝的細根。
葉基生,多數,葉片灰綠色,圓心形或卵圓形,長與寬為2.5-3 (4) 厘米,先端稍尖或近漸尖,基部深心形或寬心形,兩面散生短柔毛,下面脈上毛較多;葉柄長,無毛;托葉基部與葉柄合生,離生部分鑽狀條形,長0.8-1厘米,邊緣疏生具腺體的長流蘇狀齒。
花梗長3-6厘米,無毛,中部以下有具緣毛的小苞片;萼片卵狀披針形,背面沿脈被短毛,基部附屬物長約3毫米,末端擴展。蒴果球形,無毛。 [2]
Viola sphaerocarpa W. Beck. in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 36 (2): 54. 1918.
Viola keiskei Miquel f. hirsutior W. Becker.
Herbs perennial, acaulescent, 6-12 cm tall, sparsely puberulous. Rhizome erect, whitish, slender, 2-2.5 mm in diam. inconspicuously noded, with branched rootlets in lower part. Leaves basal, numerous; stipules ca. 1/3 adnate to petioles at base, the free part subulate-linear, 0.8-1.4 cm, margin remotely glandular fimbriate-dentate; petiole to 13 cm, sparsely pubescent, narrowly winged in the upper part; leaf blade gray-green, orbicular-cordate or ovate-orbicular, 2.5-6.5 × 2-4.5 cm, both surfaces sparsely puberulous, more densely puberulous along veins abaxially, base deeply or broadly cordate, margin obtuse-serrate, apex ± acute or acuminate. Pedicels 3-6 cm, glabrous, with 2 ciliate bracteoles about the middle. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, puberulous along veins abaxially, basal auricles 2-3 mm, apex enlarged, dentate. Petals white, lateral petals bearded, anterior one 1.5-1.8 cm including spur, spur ca. 6 mm, ca. 2 mm in diam. Ovary glabrous. Capsule globose, 6-10 mm, glabrous. Seeds ca. 1.8 mm, ca. 1 mm in diam. Fl. Mar, fr. May-Oct.
● Mountain forests, forest margins, thickets; 1200-3000 m. Chongqing, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, NW Yunnan.
圓果堇菜生長環境
生長于山地林下、林緣、灌木林下。