弯花黄耆
弯花黄耆 |
中文学名:弯花黄耆 拉丁学名:Astragalus flexus Fisch. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:蔷薇目 亚 目:蔷薇亚目 科:豆科 亚 科:蝶形花亚科 族:山羊豆族黄耆亚族 属:黄耆属 亚 属:华黄耆亚属 组:短缩茎组 |
弯花黄耆(wān huā huáng qí,学名:Astragalus flexus Fisch.)为豆科黄芪属的植物。分布在巴基斯坦、伊朗、俄罗斯以及中国大陆的新疆等地,多生于沙地上。 [1]
目录
弯花黄耆形态特征
多年生草本。 茎短缩,高20-30厘米,被开展的白色柔毛或近无毛。
奇数羽状复叶,具15-25片小叶,长12-30厘米;叶柄长4-7厘米,连同叶轴散生白色长柔毛,脱落;托叶白色,膜质,基部与叶柄贴生,卵形或长圆状卵形,长8-12毫米,无毛或具缘毛;
小叶近圆形或倒卵形,长5-20毫米,先端钝圆或微凹,基部近圆形,上面无毛,下面被白色柔毛,边缘被长缘毛,具短柄。
总状花序生10-15花,稍稀疏;总花梗长5-15厘米,通常较叶短,散生白色长柔毛;苞片披针形至线状披针形,白色,膜质,长5-9毫米,无毛或具长缘毛;花梗长2-3毫米,无毛或散生白色柔毛;
花萼管状,长14-18毫米,萼齿线状披针形,长2-4毫米;花冠黄色,旗瓣长圆状倒卵形,长30-35毫米,先端微凹,下部1/3处稍膨大,翼瓣较龙骨瓣短,长20-22毫米,瓣片线状长圆形,瓣柄较瓣片长1.5-2倍,龙骨瓣长24-27毫米,瓣片半卵形,瓣柄长为瓣片的1.5-2倍;
子房狭卵形,无毛或稍被长柔毛,具长6-7毫米的柄。
荚果卵状长圆形,长20-25毫米,先端尖,无毛或疏生长柔毛,果颈长6-8毫米,近假2室;种子肾形,长3-4毫米。 花果期5-6月。 [2]
Astragalus flexus Fisch. in Bull. Phys. -Mat. Acad. Petersb. 3: 307. 1844, in adnot.; Bunge in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. VII. 15 (1): 46. 1869; Gontsch. in Kom. Fl. USSR 12: 180. t. 14 (1). 1946; Golosk. in Pavl. Φπ. Казахст. 5: 137. t. 17 (14). 1961; Ali in Nasir et Ali, Fl. W. Pakist. 100: 182. 1977; 中国沙漠植物志2: 256. 图版90 (1-5). 1987.
Astragalus pentapetaloides Bunge.
Plants 18-30 cm tall, acaulescent, sparsely covered with white hairs 0.5-1.5 mm, at rachis up to 2 mm. Leaves 12-30 cm; stipules 8-17(-20) mm, adnate to petiole for 2-4 mm, gla-brous or hairy at margin and apex; petiole 4-7 cm, like rachis glabrous or sparsely spreading hairy; leaflets in 7-13 pairs, re-mote, widely obovate to suborbicular, 8-18 × 7-17 mm, abaxi-ally sparsely to densely appressed hairy or subglabrous, adaxi-ally glabrous, apex rounded to slightly retuse. Racemes loosely (10-)15-25-flowered; peduncle 5-12 cm, glabrous or sparsely spreading hairy; bracts 5-9 mm, sparsely ciliate. Calyx curved, 13-17(-20) mm, glabrous or in upper part and at teeth sparsely and shortly hairy; teeth 1.5-3 mm. Petals yellow; standard ellip-tic to obovate, (25-)30-35 × 9-11 mm, apex emarginate; wings 20-26 mm; keel longer than wings, (21-)24-29 mm, limbs ± straight or slightly curved. Legumes with a stipe 6-8 mm, ovoid, 16-25 mm, 8-9 mm high and 10-12 mm wide, widely rounded ventrally and dorsally, with a straight beak 2-3 mm, incompletely 2-locular; valves glabrous or sparsely hairy.
Sandy steppes. Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; SW Asia (Iran), Europe].
弯花黄耆生长环境
生长于沙地上。[3]