扁果絞股藍
| 扁果絞股藍 |
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中文學名： 扁果絞股藍 拉丁學名：Gynostemma compressum X. X. Chen et D. R. Liang 門： 被子植物門 綱： 雙子葉植物綱 目： 葫蘆目 科： 葫蘆科 屬： 絞股藍屬 |
扁果絞股藍(biǎn guǒ jiǎo gǔ lán) ，學名 Gynostemma compressum X. X. Chen & D. R. Liang，草質攀援藤本。屬葫蘆科的一種植物。 多年生攀援草本。葉子互生，常5～7小葉，呈鳥趾狀複葉；中央一枚較大，先端漸尖，葉緣有鋸齒。夏季開黃白色花，圓錐花序腋生，雌雄異株。圓形漿果；種子如豌豆大，熟時為黑紫色。 莖無毛或疏被柔毛。鳥足狀複葉，具（3-)5-7(-9)小葉，葉柄長3-7厘米；小葉膜質或紙質，卵狀長圓形或披針形，中央小葉長3-12厘米，寬1.5-4厘米，具波狀齒或圓齒狀牙齒，兩面疏被硬毛，側脈7-8對；小葉柄略叉開，長1-5毫米，卷鬚2歧，稀單一。雌雄異株；雄花：圓錐花序長10-15(-30)厘米，被柔毛；花梗長1-4毫米，具鑽狀小苞片；花萼5裂，裂片三角形；花冠淡綠或白色，5深裂，裂片卵狀披針形，具緣毛狀小齒；雄蕊5，花絲短而合生。雌圓錐花序較小；子房球形；退化雄蕊5。果球形，徑5-6毫米，成熟後黑色，無毛。種子2，卵狀心形，兩面具乳突。花期3-11月，果期4-12月。 [1]
目錄
形態特徵
Stems slender, sulcate, glabrous. Tendrils filiform, apex usually bifid. Leaves pedate, with 7 leaflets; petiole 5-12 cm, glabrous; leaflets abaxially gray-green, adaxially green, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, membranous, base cuneate, margin crenulate, apex acuminate or acute, abaxially sparsely puberulent along midrib and lateral veins, adaxially sparsely pilose, middle leaflets 3.6-6.5 × 2-2.25 cm, lateral leaflets smaller, outside oblique; petiolule 3-5 mm.
Plants dioecious. Male flowers in panicles, axillary, 2-5 cm; peduncle filiform, 8-16 mm, glabrous; bracteoles subulate, ca. 1.5 mm; pedicels 2-5 mm; flowers greenish, ca. 1.5 mm in diam.; calyx segments triangular, ca. 0.8 × 0.5 mm; filaments very short, connate; anthers ovoid.
Female flowers solitary or paired, axillary; peduncle filiform, 5-9 mm, glabrous; pedicels 5-10 mm; calyx segments ca. 1.3 × 0.4 mm; corolla segments linear-lanceolate, 2-3 × ca. 0.4 mm, apex caudate-acuminate; ovary 2-locular, each locule with 1 ovule; styles 2, free; stigmas bifid.
Fruit baccate, compressed, obtriangular, 5-8 × 5-7 mm, glabrous, apex with persistent perianth and styles; fruit stalk filiform, 1.3-2.5 cm.
Seeds brownish, obtriangular, ca. 3 mm, apex ca. 3.5 mm in diam., both surfaces tuberculate, margin crenate and sulcate. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Mar-May.
產地生境
● Forests, moist limestone foothills; below 400 m. Guangxi (Longzhou).
辨析
This species is used in Chinese herbal medicine by the people of Guangxi.This species is used in Chinese herbal medicine by the people of Guangxi.
標本鑑定信息
學名 Gynostemma compressum X. X. Chen et D. R. Liang 中文名 扁果絞股藍
鑑定人 張桂才 鑑定時間 19990000
採集信息
採集人 李治基 採集號 3333 採集時間 19561008
採集地 中國 廣西壯族自治區 海拔 540 生境 習性 物候期 無花有果