星粟草
星粟草 |
中文学名:星粟草 拉丁学名:Glinus lotoides L. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:中央种子目 科:番杏科 属:星粟草属 种:星粟草 |
星粟草(xīng sù cǎo),学名Glinus lotoides L. ,异名:Mollugo lotoides Mollugo hirta ,是中央种子目番杏科星粟草属植物。产台湾、海南、云南(元江、勐腊)。生长于空旷沙滩、河旁沙地或稻田中。 [1]
目录
星粟草形态特征
一年生草本,粗壮,全株密被星状柔毛。茎外倾,多分枝,长10-40厘米。基生叶莲座状,早落;茎生叶轮生或对生,叶片倒卵形至长圆状匙形,长6-24毫米,宽5-15毫米,顶端圆钝或急尖,基部渐狭,下延;叶柄极短。
花数朵簇生,无梗或近无梗;花被片5,椭圆形或长圆形,急尖,长4-6 (-10) 毫米;雄蕊通常5,有时少于5或多至15,离生,花丝线形;子房卵形,5室,花柱5,分离,线形,短,外弯。
蒴果卵形,与宿存花被等长,5瓣裂;种子多数,肾形,栗褐色,有多数颗粒状凸起,假种皮大,囊状,长约为种子的2/3,全部包围种柄;种阜线形,白色。花果期春夏。
Mollugo hirta Thunberg; M. lotoides (Linnaeus) Kuntze.
Herbs sturdy, densely stellate tomentose. Stems decumbent, 10-40 cm, much branched. Petiole very short; basal leaves in a rosette, drying soon; upper leaves verticillate or opposite, obovate to oblong-spatulate, 6-24 × 5-15 mm, base attenuate, decurrent, margin entire, apex obtuse, rounded, or acute.
Flowers several, in groups, sessile or subsessile. Tepals elliptic or oblong, 4-6(-10) mm. Stamens usually 3-15, free. Ovary ovoid, 5-loculed; styles 5, free, linear, short, curved outward. Capsule ovoid, ca. as long as persistent tepals, 5-valved.
Seeds numerous, chestnut-brown, reniform, granulose; strophiole scrotiform, ca. 2/3 as long as seed or longer. Fl. and fr. spring-summer. 2n = 36.
Open sands, riversides, cultivated fields, waste places; sea level to 500 m. Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka; N and tropical Africa, S to SE Asia, S Europe, tropical America, Oceania].
星粟草生长环境
生长于空旷沙滩、河旁沙地或稻田中。
星粟草分布范围
分类文献
Glinus lotoides L., Sp. Pl. 463. 1753; Pax et Hoffm. in Engler u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 2. Aufl. 16c: 222. fig. 95 (E-K). 1934; Backer in Steenis, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4 (3): 269. 1951; Tard. -Bl. Fl. Camb. Laos et Vietn. fasc. 5: 96. 1967; 陶德定, 云南植物研究12 (2): 133.图3: 1-5. 1990.——Mollugo hirta Thunb., Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1: 24. 1794; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 2: 1127. fig. 134. 1921. ——M. lotoides (L.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 264. 1891; Chun et How in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 7 (1): 8. 1958; 海南植物志1: 381.图199. 1964; 台湾植物志2: 306. 1976.