朝鮮老鸛草
| 朝鮮老鸛草 |
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中文學名:朝鮮老鸛草 拉丁學名:Geranium koreanum Kom. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:牻牛兒苗目 科:牻牛兒苗科 屬:老鸛草屬 種:朝鮮老鸛草 組:沼生組 |
朝鮮老鸛草（cháo xiān lǎo guàn cǎo，學名：Geranium koreanum）是牻牛兒苗科老鸛草屬的植物。分布在朝鮮、俄羅斯遠東地區以及中國大陸的遼寧等地，生長於海拔500米至800米的地區，常生長在山地闊葉林下或草甸，目前尚未由人工引種栽培。 [1]
目錄
朝鮮老鸛草形態特徵
朝鮮老鸛草，多年生草本，高25-50厘米。根狀莖短，木質狀，被棕色鱗片。
莖單一，通常直立，上部分枝，具鈍棱，被稀疏短毛。托葉卵形，草質，漸尖，離生，邊緣自膜質，基生葉具長柄，柄長10-25厘米，具槽，下部近無毛，上部具伏毛，葉片5淺裂，基部腎形，背面無毛或僅沿脈稍有伏毛，表面具稀疏伏毛；裂片廣卵形，邊緣具不整齊的牙齒，短漸尖；莖生葉柄較長，具伏毛，葉片通常3(5)淺裂，裂片急尖，邊緣具缺刻狀牙齒；莖上部葉具極短柄，3淺裂，中央裂片長，較大。
花序寬，鬆散，二歧分枝，花序梗細，具短毛，長4-8厘米，具2花，苞2或4。線狀錐形，急尖，花梗纖細，具短毛，果期彎曲，花徑約2.5厘米；萼片橢圓狀長卵形，頂端具芒，邊緣膜質，背部具3-5脈，沿脈被短毛，花瓣薔薇色或淡紫色，比萼片長1倍，倒卵狀楔形，基部狹，具白髯毛，頂端全緣，花絲基部擴大部分微具緣毛；花柱長約1毫米，花柱分枝長4-5毫米。
蒴果具短毛，長約2厘米，種子近平滑。 [2]
Geranium koreanum Kom. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 18: 34. 1901, Kom. Fl. Marsh.2 (2): 652. 1904; R. Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr. Heft 53. 4 (129): 142. 1912; Ohwi. Fl. Jap. 704. 1956, 東北草本植物志 6: 15. 1977; Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 418. 1979. ——G. tsingtauense Yabe. Prelim. Rep. Fl. Tsingtau-Reg. 70. 1918. syn. nov. 中國高等植物圖鑑2: 527. 圖2784. 1972. ——G. lauschanense R. Knuth in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. 28: 6. 1930. syn. nov.
Perennials. Rootstock ± vertical, 0.8-1.5 cm in diam., not tuberculate, with thickened roots along rootstock. Stem 30-87 cm tall, erect, not rooting at nodes, with 0.1-1.8 mm retrorse appressed or patent nonglandular trichomes. Stipules broadly ovate, usually connate. Leaves opposite; petiole with 0.2-1.7 mm retrorse appressed or patent nonglandular trichomes; leaf blade 6.3-9.9 cm, palmately cleft, ratio of main sinus/middle segment length = 0.65-0.81, pilose with appressed nonglandular trichomes; segments 5, rhombic, 1.1-2.6 cm wide at base, 8-14-lobed in distal half, ratio of second sinus/middle segment length = (0.08-)0.13-0.15(-0.21). Cymules solitary, 2-flowered; peduncle 2.5-10.3 cm. Pedicel 1.4-3.5 cm, with 0.1-0.6 mm retrorse appressed or patent nonglandular trichomes; bracteoles lanceolate. Sepals 7.4-10.9 mm, mucro 1.3-3.8 mm, ratio of mucro/sepal length = 0.15-0.38, outside with 0.1-0.9 mm antrorse ± appressed nonglandular trichomes, inside glabrous. Petals bright pink, (1.2-)1.3-1.6(-2.1) cm, erect to patent, outside basally with trichomes, inside basal ca. third with trichomes, margin basally ciliate, apex rounded. Staminal filaments pinkish, lanceolate, base slightly dilated, almost glabrous but with scattered 0.1-0.4 mm trichomes; anthers bluish, 1.9-2.8 mm. Nectaries 5, hemispheric, abaxially glabrous, apex with a tuft of trichomes. Stigma dull red. Fruit 2.7-3 cm, erect when immature; mericarps smooth, with a basal callus, with 0.2-0.4 mm ± patent nonglandular trichomes and apically rarely with 0.6-0.8 mm patent glandular trichomes; rostrum 1.7-1.8 cm, with a 2.3-3.3 mm narrowed apex; stigmatic remains 5-6.3 mm. Seeds 2.6-2.9 mm. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Aug-Sep. 2n = 28.
朝鮮老鸛草生長環境
生長於闊葉林中。
朝鮮老鸛草分布範圍
分布於我國東北南部吉林，朝鮮也有分布。