柔毛网脉崖爬藤
柔毛网脉崖爬藤 |
中文学名:柔毛网脉崖爬藤 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:鼠李目 |
柔毛网脉崖爬藤(róu máo wǎng mài yá pá téng,学名 Tetrastigma retinervium var. pubescens C.L.Li),木质藤本,小枝圆柱形,有纵棱纹,无毛。卷须2叉分枝,相隔2节间断与叶对生。 [1]
目录
柔毛网脉崖爬藤形态特征
木质藤本,小枝圆柱形,有纵棱纹,无毛。卷须2叉分枝,相隔2节间断与叶对生。
叶为3小叶,小叶卵圆形、卵椭圆形或长椭圆形,长7-15厘米,宽4-7厘米,顶端急尖或短尾尖,基部圆形或近圆形,有时中央小叶阔楔形,侧小叶基部不对称,边缘每侧有4-9个粗或细牙齿,上面绿色,下面浅绿色,两面均无毛;
侧脉5-8对,网脉两面明显突出;叶柄长(3) 4-9厘米,中央小叶柄长(0.8) 1.5-3厘米,侧生小叶柄长 (0.3) 1-1.5厘米,无毛。花序腋生,复二歧聚伞状或二级分枝4,集生成伞形;
花序梗长3-5.5厘米,下部几无毛,上部疏被短柔毛;花梗长1-2毫米,被短柔毛,稀几无毛;花蕾卵圆形,高1.5-2.5毫米,顶端圆形;萼浅碟形,边缘有波状小齿,外面疏被乳突状毛,稀几无毛;
花瓣4,卵椭圆形,高1.3-2.3毫米,顶端呈帽状,外面被乳突状毛,稀几无毛;雄蕊4,在雌花内雄蕊显著短而败育;花盘在雌花中不明显,呈环状;子房下部与花盘合生,花柱不明显,柱头4裂。
果实椭球形,长0.6-0.7厘米,宽0.5-0.6厘米,有种子1颗;种子椭球形,种脐在背面呈狭带形,从基部向上接近种子顶端,两侧有钝的横肋,腹面中棱脊凹陷,两侧洼穴呈沟状,接近中部向上斜展达种子顶端。
花期4-5月,果期8-9月。 [2]
分类
Tetrastigma retinervium Planch. var. pubescens C. L. Li in Chin. J. Appl. Environ. Biol. 1(4): 316. 1995. ——T. retinervium auct. non Planch. (1887.): W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(3): 94. 1979 et in Guihaia 8(2): 116. 1988; 云南种子植物名录上册 802. 1984.
英文介绍
Lianas, woody. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, glabrous; tendrils bifurcate. Leaves 3-foliolate; petiole (3-)4-9 cm; central petiolule (0.8-)1.5-3 cm, lateral petiolules (0.3-)1-1.5 cm, glabrous; leaflets oval, ovate-elliptic, or oblong, 7-15 × 4-7 cm, glabrous, lateral veins 5-8 pairs, veinlets raised, base rounded or subrounded, sometimes central leaflet broadly cuneate, base of lateral leaflets asymmetric, margin with 4-9 teeth on each side, apex acute or mucronate. Compound dichasium or umbel axillary; peduncle 3-5.5 cm, lower part nearly glabrous, upper part sparsely pubescent. Pedicel 1-2 mm, pubescent, rarely subglabrate. Buds oval, 1.5-2.5 mm, apex rounded. Calyx shallow and saucer-shaped, papillose, rarely subglabrate, margin with undulate teeth. Petals 4, ovate-elliptic, 1.3-2.3 mm, apex galeate, papillose, rarely subglabrate. Stamen short, abortive in female flowers. Disk inconspicuous and annular in female flowers. Lower part of ovary adnate to disk; style inconspicuous; stigma 4-lobed. Berry elliptic, 6-7 × 5-6 mm, 1-seeded. Seed elliptic, ventral holes furrowed from middle to apex. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Aug-Sep.
● Forests or shrublands on hillsides; 400-1500 m. Guangxi, Yunnan.
Tetrastigma retinervium var. retinervium is known only from Vietnam.
柔毛网脉崖爬藤生长环境
生长于海拔400-1500米的山坡林下或灌丛中。
柔毛网脉崖爬藤分布范围
柔毛网脉崖爬藤物种区别
过去中国有的学者曾将本变种定为原变种网脉崖爬藤T. retinervium Planch., 但本变种不同于原变种在于,花序梗和花梗被短柔毛、萼和花瓣乳突状毛,稀脱落几无毛,可以区别。