梭果黃耆
梭果黃耆 |
中文學名:梭果黃耆 拉丁學名:Astragalus ernestii Comb. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 目:薔薇目 科:豆科 屬:黃耆屬 分布區域:產四川西部、 |
梭果黃耆(suō guǒ huáng qí,學名 Astragalus ernestii Comb.,俗名:小金黃耆,異名:Astragalus xiaojinensis Astragalus wilsonii Astragalus josephii ),豆科黃耆屬植物。多年生草本。生於海拔3900-4500米的山坡草地或灌叢中。本種在四川康定地區代黃耆入藥。 [1]
目錄
梭果黃耆形態特徵
多年生草本,根粗壯,直伸,表皮暗褐色,直徑1-2厘米。 莖直立,高30-100厘米,具條棱,無毛。
羽狀複葉長7-12厘米,有9-17片小葉;葉柄長0.5-1.5厘米;托葉近膜質,離生,卵形或長圓狀卵形,長10-15毫米,寬3-8毫米,先端尖,兩面無毛,僅邊緣散生柔毛,基部常有暗色、膨大的腺體;
小葉長圓形,稀為倒卵形,長10-24毫米,寬4-8毫米,先端鈍圓,有細尖頭,基部寬楔形或近圓形,兩面無毛,具短柄。
密總狀花序有多數花,花後稍疏;總花梗較葉長;苞片膜質,長圓形或倒卵形,長7-10毫米,寬3-4毫米,先端鈍或尖,基部漸狹,邊緣具黑色毛;花梗長2-3毫米,被黑色伏貼毛;花萼鍾狀,長9-10毫米,外面無毛,萼齒披針形,長2.5-3.5毫米,內面被黑色伏貼毛;
花冠黃色,旗瓣倒卵形,長約15毫米,先端微凹,基部漸狹,翼瓣較旗瓣稍短,瓣片長圓形,寬約1.5毫米,具短耳,瓣柄長約9毫米,龍骨瓣較翼瓣稍短,長13-14毫米,瓣片半卵形,寬約3毫米,瓣柄長約8毫米;子房被柔毛,具柄。
莢果梭形,膨脹,長20-22毫米,寬約5毫米,密被黑色柔毛,果頸稍長於萼筒,1室,有種子5-6顆。 花期7月,果期8-9月。 [2]
Astragalus ernestii Comb. in Not. Roy. Bot. Edinb. 12: 230. 1934; Pet. -Stib. is Acta Hort. Gothob. 12: 43. 1937-1938; 中國主要植物圖說·豆科409. 圖403.1955; 西藏植物志 2: 832. 圖271 (4-6), 1985. ——A. wilsonii Simps. in Not. RoyBor. Gard. Edinb. 8: 248. 1955, non Greene 1879.
Astragalus josephii E. Peter; A. wilsonii N. D. Simpson; A. xiaojinensis Y. C. Ho.
Plants 25-60 cm tall, with hairs up to 0.3 mm. Stems up to 7 mm thick, glabrous. Leaves 4-10 cm; stipules 1-1.6 cm, lower ones laterally widened into a wide auricle, spreading to deflexed, at base with minute glands; leaflets in 6-9 pairs, nar-rowly elliptic, 6-24(-40) × 2.5-10 mm, glabrous on both sur-faces or loosely to sparsely covered with appressed white hairs abaxially. Racemes densely many flowered, later elongated and up to 8 cm; peduncle 5-10 cm, glabrous; bracts green, elliptic to somewhat spatulate, 3-4 mm, black or white ciliate. Calyx greenish, campanulate-tubular, 6-8 mm, deeply split on adaxial surface, tube glabrous; teeth 2-3 mm, both sides or only inner side and margins between teeth densely shortly black hairy. Petals pale yellow or purplish blue, blackish purple when dry; standard rectangular-oblong to obovate, 13-15 × 5-8 mm; wings 11-13 mm; keel 10-13 mm. Legumes with a stipe 4-11 mm, pendulous, narrowly ovoid, 1.5-2.5 cm, 4-6 mm high, sharply keeled ventrally, narrowly rounded dorsally, apex long acuminate; valves light brownish, densely covered with very short black nearly spreading hairs, loosely hairy or glabrescent with age.
● Abies forests, subalpine and alpine meadows; 3500-4300 m. Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan.
梭果黃耆生長環境
生於海拔3900-4500米的山坡草地或灌叢中。[3]
梭果黃耆分布範圍
梭果黃耆主要價值
【藏藥】塞色:花治木保病疼痛,血痢,創傷。鮮全株治瘡癰《滇省志》。功用同金翼黃芪A. chry-sopterus《藏本草》。
梭果黃耆參考文獻
梭果黃耆(中國主要植物圖說?豆科) Astragalus ernestii Comb. in Not. Roy. Bot. Edinb. 12: 230. 1934; Pet. -Stib. is Acta Hort. Gothob. 12: 43. 1937-1938; 中國主要植物圖說?豆科409. 圖403. 1955; 西藏植物志 2: 832. 圖271 (4-6), 1985. ——A. wilsonii Simps. in Not. Roy Bor. Gard. Edinb. 8: 248. 1955, non Greene 1879.