海棠葉蜂鬥草
海棠葉蜂鬥草 |
中文學名:海棠葉蜂鬥草 拉丁學名:Sonerila plagiocardia Diels 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:桃金娘目 科:野牡丹科 亞 科:野牡丹亞科 族:蜂鬥草族 屬:蜂鬥草屬 分布區域:雲南西南部至東南部 |
海棠葉蜂鬥草,別名:海棠葉地膽,拉丁文名:Sonerila plagiocardia Diels. 為野牡丹科、蜂鬥草屬草本,直立或匍匐上升,果期10-11月。 產於雲南西南部至東南部。 [1]
目錄
海棠葉蜂鬥草形態特徵
海棠葉蜂鬥草 草本,直立或匍匐上升,長30-40厘米;莖棱上具翅,幼時近肉質,被疏腺毛,以後無毛。
葉片紙質或膜質,頂端漸尖,基部心形,偏斜(如秋海棠葉形),長5-13厘米,寬3.5-5.5(-6.5)厘米,邊緣具細鋸齒,掌狀脈(6-)8(-9-11)條,中脈兩側釣脈數不相等,葉面被微柔毛,脈平整,有時脈為紫色,背面被細微柔毛,掌狀脈隆起,明顯,脈上被星散的短刺毛;葉柄被微柔毛及疏刺毛,具翅。
蠍尾狀聚傘花序,頂生和腋生,有花5朵以上,有時具分枝,長3-6厘米,被疏腺毛,略有翅,總梗長2-4厘米,花梗長2-5毫米,被疏腺毛,花萼中部略縊縮,具三棱,長約7毫米,被微柔毛及疏腺毛,具6脈,裂片3,廣三角形,長約1毫米,被疏腺毛,花瓣粉紅色或紅色,長約1.1厘米,頂端短漸尖,外面中脈具星散的腺毛;雄蕊3,通常,2短1長,稀等長,同形,偏向1側,花絲長約8毫米,花葯具小短喙,短者長約5毫米,長者長約9毫米,基部叉開,藥隔不延伸;子房頂端膜質冠平截,3裂。
蒴果略具三棱,長約8毫米或略短,寬約5毫米(檐部),3縱裂,與宿存萼貼生;宿存萼被疏腺毛或無毛,具6脈,果梗增長達1.8厘米。
Sonerila plagiocardia Diels in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 65: 117. 1932; H. L. Li in Journ. Arn. Arb. 25: 36. 1944; 雲南植物志2: 122. 圖版30, 1-3. 1979, excl. specim. Kwangsi. et Kwangtung.——Fordiophyton begoniifolium H. L. Li 1. c. 28.
Herbs, erect or sometimes creeping, 30-40 cm tall, base woody. Stems 4-sided, succulent, winged, with sparse glandular trichomes, glabrescent. Petiole 2-10 cm, winged, puberulous and sparsely setose; leaf blade ovate, (2.5-)5-18 × 3.5-5.5(-10) cm, papery to membranous, adaxially puberulous and sometimes purple on veins, secondary veins (2-)4(or 5) on each side of midvein, base oblique or symmetrically deeply cordate, margin serrulate, abaxially puberulous and sparsely setose on veins, apex acuminate. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, scorpioid cymes, 3-6 cm, to 8-flowered, inconspicuously winged, sometimes branched, with sparse glandular trichomes; peduncle 2-4 cm. Pedicel 2-5 mm but to 1.8 cm in fruit, with sparse glandular trichomes or puberulous. Hypanthium tubular-campanulate, middle slightly contracted, 6-8 mm, 3-sided, 6-ribbed, puberulous and with sparse glandular trichomes. Calyx lobes 3, broadly triangular, 1-3 mm, slightly with glandular trichomes. Petals pink to red, oblong-obovate, 1-1.1 cm, middle vein with a few glandular trichomes, apex shortly acuminate. Stamens 3, usually 2 shorter and 1 longer, rarely equal. Longer stamens with filament ca. 8 mm; anthers oblong, 5-7 mm on longer stamen, ca. 9 mm on shorter stamens, base forked, apex rounded and shortly beaked. Ovary flask-shaped, apex truncate and with a membranous 3-lobed crown. Capsule campanulate, 7-8 × ca. 5 mm, 3-sided, 3-lobed; hypanthium 6-ribbed, slightly with glandular trichomes or glandular. Fl. Aug-Sep, fr. Oct-Nov.
海棠葉蜂鬥草生長環境
生長於海拔800-2500米的山谷、山坡密林下,蔭濕的地方及路旁。