灰葉黃耆
灰葉黃耆 |
中文名:灰葉黃耆 門:被子植物門 Angiospermae 綱:雙子葉植物綱 Dicotyledoneae 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 Archichlamydeae 目:薔薇目 Rosales 亞 目:薔薇亞目 Rosineae 科:豆科 Leguminosae 亞 科:蝶形花亞科 Papilionoideae 族:山羊豆族 TRIB. Galegeae 亞 族:黃耆亞族 SUBTRIB. Astragalinae 屬:黃耆屬 Astragalus 亞 屬:裂萼亞屬 Subgen. Cercidothrix 組:旱生組 Sect. Craccina |
灰葉黃耆(huī yè huáng qí,學名:Astragalus discolor Bunge ex Maxim.)為豆科黃芪屬的植物,為中國的特有植物。分布在蒙古以及中國大陸的陝西、河北、內蒙古、山西、寧夏等地,生長於海拔2,200米的地區,一般生於荒漠草原地帶砂質土上。 [1]
目錄
灰葉黃耆形態特徵
多年生草本,高30-50厘米,全株灰綠色。根直伸,木質化,頸部增粗,數莖生出。
羽狀複葉有9-25片小葉;葉柄較葉軸短;托葉三角形,先端尖,離生;小葉橢圓形或狹橢圓形,長4-13毫米,寬1-4毫米,先端鈍或微凹,基部寬楔形,上面疏被白色伏貼毛或近無毛,下面較密,灰綠色。
總狀花序較葉長;苞片小,卵圓形,較花梗稍長;花萼管狀鐘形,長4-5毫米,被白色或黑色伏貼毛,萼齒三角形,長不及1毫米;花冠藍紫色,旗瓣匙形,長12-14毫米,先端微缺,基部漸狹成不明顯的瓣柄,翼瓣較旗瓣稍短,瓣片狹長圓形,瓣柄較瓣片短,龍骨瓣較翼瓣短,瓣片半圓形,瓣柄較瓣片短;子房有柄,被伏貼毛。
莢果扁平,線狀長圓形,長17-30毫米,基部有露出花萼的長果頸,被黑白色混生的伏貼毛。 花期7-8月,果期8-9月。 [2]
Astragalus discolor Bunge ex Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 24: 33. 1878; Pet. -Stib. in Acta Hort. Gothob. 12: 61. 1938; 古植物植物志 3: 209. 圖版106 (9-16). 1977; S. B. Ho in Bull. Bot. Res. 3 (1): 40. 1983; 中國沙漠植物志 2: 274. 圖版96 (15-19). 1987.——A. ulaschanensis Franch. in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris II. 5: 239. 1883.——A. biondianus Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 36 (Beibl. 82): 62. 1903.
Astragalus biondianus Ulbrich; A. ulachanensis Franchet.
Plants 30-40 cm tall; hairs medifixed, appressed, in vege-tative parts only white. Stems several, ascending or erect, 15-25 cm, sparsely to densely covered with hairs 0.2-0.3 mm. Leaves 3-5 cm, subsessile; stipules 1-2 mm, lower ones shortly vagi-nate-connate, upper ones only semiamplexicaul, all sparsely hairy; rachis densely hairy like stem; leaflets in 6-11 pairs, nar-rowly elliptic, 2-7(-10) × 1-2.5(-4) mm, abaxially sparsely to rather densely and adaxially sparsely to loosely covered with appressed hairs 0.4-0.5 mm, or adaxially glabrous, apex obtuse to rounded or slightly emarginate. Racemes loosely 10-22-flowered; peduncle 4-6 cm, erect, loosely white hairy; bracts 0.6-1 mm, mostly white hairy. Calyx 4-5 mm, rather densely covered with appressed white hairs 0.2-0.4 mm and with mostly distinctly shorter black hairs; teeth 0.1-0.8 mm. Petals white or pale blue; standard rhombic-elliptic to elliptic, 10-15 × 4.5-6 mm, apex emarginate; wings 10-14 mm, limbs obliquely incised; keel 8-11 mm. Legumes (unripe) with a stipe 3-5 mm, 12-15 mm, 2-2.5 mm high and wide, with a short beak, loosely to densely covered with very short, appressed, white or black or black and white hairs (in one plant).
● Semideserts, steppes; 1000-1500 m. Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ning-xia, Shaanxi, Shanxi.
灰葉黃耆生長環境
生長於荒漠草原地帶砂質土上。[3]
灰葉黃耆分布範圍
灰葉黃耆系統位置
被子植物門 Angiospermae
雙子葉植物綱 Dicotyledoneae
原始花被亞綱 Archichlamydeae
薔薇目 Rosales
薔薇亞目 Rosineae
豆科 Leguminosae
蝶形花亞科 Papilionoideae
山羊豆族 TRIB. Galegeae
黃耆亞族 SUBTRIB. Astragalinae
黃耆屬 Astragalus
裂萼亞屬 Subgen. Cercidothrix
旱生組 Sect. Craccina