灰叶黄耆
灰叶黄耆 |
中文名:灰叶黄耆 门:被子植物门 Angiospermae 纲:双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 Archichlamydeae 目:蔷薇目 Rosales 亚 目:蔷薇亚目 Rosineae 科:豆科 Leguminosae 亚 科:蝶形花亚科 Papilionoideae 族:山羊豆族 TRIB. Galegeae 亚 族:黄耆亚族 SUBTRIB. Astragalinae 属:黄耆属 Astragalus 亚 属:裂萼亚属 Subgen. Cercidothrix 组:旱生组 Sect. Craccina |
灰叶黄耆(huī yè huáng qí,学名:Astragalus discolor Bunge ex Maxim.)为豆科黄芪属的植物,为中国的特有植物。分布在蒙古以及中国大陆的陕西、河北、内蒙古、山西、宁夏等地,生长于海拔2,200米的地区,一般生于荒漠草原地带砂质土上。 [1]
目录
灰叶黄耆形态特征
多年生草本,高30-50厘米,全株灰绿色。根直伸,木质化,颈部增粗,数茎生出。
羽状复叶有9-25片小叶;叶柄较叶轴短;托叶三角形,先端尖,离生;小叶椭圆形或狭椭圆形,长4-13毫米,宽1-4毫米,先端钝或微凹,基部宽楔形,上面疏被白色伏贴毛或近无毛,下面较密,灰绿色。
总状花序较叶长;苞片小,卵圆形,较花梗稍长;花萼管状钟形,长4-5毫米,被白色或黑色伏贴毛,萼齿三角形,长不及1毫米;花冠蓝紫色,旗瓣匙形,长12-14毫米,先端微缺,基部渐狭成不明显的瓣柄,翼瓣较旗瓣稍短,瓣片狭长圆形,瓣柄较瓣片短,龙骨瓣较翼瓣短,瓣片半圆形,瓣柄较瓣片短;子房有柄,被伏贴毛。
荚果扁平,线状长圆形,长17-30毫米,基部有露出花萼的长果颈,被黑白色混生的伏贴毛。 花期7-8月,果期8-9月。 [2]
Astragalus discolor Bunge ex Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 24: 33. 1878; Pet. -Stib. in Acta Hort. Gothob. 12: 61. 1938; 古植物植物志 3: 209. 图版106 (9-16). 1977; S. B. Ho in Bull. Bot. Res. 3 (1): 40. 1983; 中国沙漠植物志 2: 274. 图版96 (15-19). 1987.——A. ulaschanensis Franch. in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris II. 5: 239. 1883.——A. biondianus Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 36 (Beibl. 82): 62. 1903.
Astragalus biondianus Ulbrich; A. ulachanensis Franchet.
Plants 30-40 cm tall; hairs medifixed, appressed, in vege-tative parts only white. Stems several, ascending or erect, 15-25 cm, sparsely to densely covered with hairs 0.2-0.3 mm. Leaves 3-5 cm, subsessile; stipules 1-2 mm, lower ones shortly vagi-nate-connate, upper ones only semiamplexicaul, all sparsely hairy; rachis densely hairy like stem; leaflets in 6-11 pairs, nar-rowly elliptic, 2-7(-10) × 1-2.5(-4) mm, abaxially sparsely to rather densely and adaxially sparsely to loosely covered with appressed hairs 0.4-0.5 mm, or adaxially glabrous, apex obtuse to rounded or slightly emarginate. Racemes loosely 10-22-flowered; peduncle 4-6 cm, erect, loosely white hairy; bracts 0.6-1 mm, mostly white hairy. Calyx 4-5 mm, rather densely covered with appressed white hairs 0.2-0.4 mm and with mostly distinctly shorter black hairs; teeth 0.1-0.8 mm. Petals white or pale blue; standard rhombic-elliptic to elliptic, 10-15 × 4.5-6 mm, apex emarginate; wings 10-14 mm, limbs obliquely incised; keel 8-11 mm. Legumes (unripe) with a stipe 3-5 mm, 12-15 mm, 2-2.5 mm high and wide, with a short beak, loosely to densely covered with very short, appressed, white or black or black and white hairs (in one plant).
● Semideserts, steppes; 1000-1500 m. Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ning-xia, Shaanxi, Shanxi.
灰叶黄耆生长环境
生长于荒漠草原地带砂质土上。[3]
灰叶黄耆分布范围
灰叶黄耆系统位置
被子植物门 Angiospermae
双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae
原始花被亚纲 Archichlamydeae
蔷薇目 Rosales
蔷薇亚目 Rosineae
豆科 Leguminosae
蝶形花亚科 Papilionoideae
山羊豆族 TRIB. Galegeae
黄耆亚族 SUBTRIB. Astragalinae
黄耆属 Astragalus
裂萼亚属 Subgen. Cercidothrix
旱生组 Sect. Craccina