類雀稗
類雀稗 |
中文名:類雀稗 拉丁學名:Paspalidium flavidium (Retz.) A. Camus 界:植物界 門:種子植物門 綱:單子葉植物綱 目:禾本目 科:禾本科 屬:類雀稗屬 |
類雀稗(lèi què bài),學名:Paspalidium flavidium (Retz.) A. Camus,異名:Paspalidium flavidium Panicum granulare Panicum flavidum Setaria flavida Panicum floridum ,是禾本科類雀稗屬植物,多年生草本。稈少數叢生或單生,壓扁,高30-100厘米。產雲南、廣東、海南;多生於海拔150-1 500米的山坡、路旁、荒地及田邊。熱帶非洲,印度以至大洋洲也有分布。模式標本采自斯里蘭卡。 [1]
目錄
類雀稗形態特徵
多年生草本。稈少數叢生或單生,壓扁,高30-100厘米。葉鞘光滑,兩側壓扁而具脊;葉舌短小,長約0.5毫米;葉片線狀披針形,長5-30厘米,寬5-10毫米;
先端急尖,基部略呈心形。穗狀花序6-9枚,長1.5-2.5厘米,稀疏排列於長達40厘米的主軸上,短於主軸的節間;穗軸延伸為一小尖頭;
小穗卵形,長1.5-2.5毫米,左右排列在穗軸的一側,背部隆起,乳白色或稍帶紫色;含2小花,僅第2小花結實;第一穎廣卵形,先端圓形,長約為小穗之半,具3脈;
第二穎略短於小穗,具7脈;第1外稃與小穗等長,具5脈;第2外稃骨質,具細點狀;內稃透明膜質,略短於外稃。穎果骨質,橢圓形,腹面平,背面隆起。 花果期7-10月。
FOC >> Vol.22 (2006) >> Poaceae >> Paspalidium 1.Paspalidium flavidum (Retzius) A. Camus 類雀稗 lei que bai Panicum flavidum Retzius, Observ. Bot. 4: 15. 1786; P. floridum Royle; P. granulare Lamarck; Setaria flavida (Retzius) Veldkamp.
Perennial. Culms tufted, slightly compressed, 30–100 cm tall from a decumbent base. Leaf sheaths strongly keeled, smooth; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, flat or folded, 5–30 × 0.5–1 cm, base subcordate and tuberculate-setose, apex abruptly acute; ligule ca. 0.5 mm. Inflorescence axis 5–20 cm; racemes 6–9, 1.5–2.5 cm, widely spaced;
rachis ca. 0.5 mm wide, slightly winged, prolonged into a point. Spikelets plumply ovate, gibbous, 1.5–2.5 mm, milk-white or purplish; lower glume broadly ovate, ca. 1/2 as long as spikelet; upper glume 2/3–3/4 as long as spikelet, 7-veined; lower lemma as long as spikelet, 5-veined; upper lemma bony, granulate. Fl. and fr. Jul–Oct.
Roadsides, field edges, moist open places; 100–1500 m. Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia, Indian Ocean Islands (Mauritius, RΘunion), Pacific Islands].
類雀稗生長環境
多生於海拔150-1 500米的山坡、路旁、荒地及田邊。