角黄耆
角黄耆 |
中文名:角黄耆 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 Angiospermae 纲:双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 Archichlamydeae 目:蔷薇目 Rosales 亚 目:蔷薇亚目 Rosineae 科:豆科 Leguminosae 亚 科:蝶形花亚科 Papilionoideae 族:山羊豆族 TRIB. Galegeae 亚 族:黄耆亚族 SUBTRIB. Astragalinae 属:黄耆属 Astragalus 亚 属:裂萼亚属 Subgen. Cercidothrix 组:剑叶组 Sect.Xiphidium |
角黄耆(jiǎo huáng qí,学名:Astragalus ceratoides M. Bieb.)多年生草本。茎发达,木质化,稀不发达(但不短于2厘米),常具凋存的叶柄。羽状复叶常具线形或披针形的小叶;托叶离生。总状花序生疏松排列的花,稀密集成头状或伞房状;无小苞片;花萼长管状,不膨大;花冠无毛,多色。荚果线形,长圆形,革质,假2室。期5-7月,果期6-8月。生于砾石山坡阳处、草原牧场等地。分布于中国、哈萨克斯坦、西伯利亚及阿尔泰地区。 [1]
目录
角黄耆形态特征
多年生草本,高12-30厘米。 茎的地下部分木质化,弯曲,地上部分短缩;当年生枝直立,被灰白色伏贴毛。
羽状复叶有13-19片小叶;托叶离生,卵状三角形,渐尖,基部被白色和混生少量黑色的伏贴毛;小叶长圆形或狭披针形,淡绿色,长5-15毫米,宽1-4米,上面近无毛或疏被伏贴毛,下面毛较密。
总状花序因花序轴短缩,呈头状或伞房状,生6-10花;总花梗长为叶长的1.5倍;苞片卵圆形,被伏贴毛,较花梗短或与其等长;
花萼管状,长6-9毫米,稀长超过10毫米,被黑色和混生有少量白色伏贴毛,萼齿短,长约为筒部的1/5,钝,长短不等;
花冠蓝紫色,旗瓣长18-24毫米,宽7-10毫米,菱状长圆形,上部稍狭,先端微凹,翼瓣较旗瓣短,瓣片较瓣柄短,先端有时微凹,龙骨瓣较翼瓣短,瓣柄较瓣片长1.5倍;子房近无柄,被伏贴毛。
荚果线形,平展或向下微弯,假2室,被黑白混生的伏贴毛。 花期5-7月,果期6-8月。 [2]
Astragalus ceratoides Bieb. Fl. Taur. -Cauc. 3: 429. 1819; DC. Prodr. 2: 284. 1825; Ledeb. Fl. Alt. 3: 306. 1831; Gontsch. et Popov in Kom. Fl. USSR 12: 693. 1946; Gamaiun. et Fisjun in Pavl. Φπ. Казахст. 5: 256. t. 33 (7). 1961; S. B. Ho in Bull. Bot. Res. 3 (1): 63. 1983; 中国沙漠植物志 2: 275. 1987. ——A. stenolabus Bunge in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. Sav. Etrang. 2: 593. 1835.
Astragalus ceratoides var. montanus Ledebour; A. steno-lobus Bunge.
Plants 12-40 cm tall, vegetative parts with ± medifixed, appressed, mostly white hairs 0.5-0.8 mm. Stems mostly sev-eral to many, erect or ascending at base, loosely hairy. Leaves 3-6 cm; stipules 2-3 mm, nearly free from petiole, hairy; peti-ole 0.5-1.5 cm, like rachis slender, loosely hairy; leaflets in 5-7(-9) pairs, narrowly elliptic, 5-15 × 1-4 mm, abaxially loosely hairy, adaxially glabrous or sparsely hairy. Racemes subumbel-late to capitate, 5-10-flowered; peduncle 9-20 cm, sparsely hairy; bracts 1.5-2 mm, black hairy, at margins with extremely asymmetrically bifurcate hairs. Calyx 6-7 mm, rather densely covered with predominantly black hairs 0.3-0.5 mm; teeth 1-1.5 mm. Petals purplish lilac; standard obovate, 18-22 × 7-10 mm, apex retuse; wings 16-17 mm; keel 15-16 mm. Legumes sessile, obliquely erect or starlike spreading, linear, 25-35 mm, 2-3 mm high and wide, acuminate; valves densely covered with ± appressed, asymmetrically bifurcate, white hairs up to 0.8 mm and with distinctly shorter black hairs.
Stony mountain slopes, steppes. NW Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Russia (Siberia)].
角黄耆分布范围
生长于砾石山坡阳处、草原牧场等地。[3]