酸蘞藤
| 酸蘞藤 |
|
中文學名:酸蘞藤 拉丁學名:Ampelocissus artemisiifolia Planch. 門:被子植物門Angiospermae 綱:雙子葉植物綱Dicotyledoneae 目:管花目Tubiflorae 科:葡萄科Vitaceae 屬:酸蘞藤(九節鈴)屬 Ampelocissus 種:酸蘞藤 海拔區間:1400-2100 是否中國特有:是 是否引種栽培:非人工引種栽培 |
酸蘞藤(suān liǎn téng，學名 Ampelocissus artemisiifolia Planchon，異名：Ampelocissus artemisiaefolia )，木質藤本。小枝圓柱形，有縱棱紋，密被白色絨毛。卷鬚2叉分枝，相隔2節間斷與葉對生。 [1]
目錄
酸蘞藤形態特徵
木質藤本。小枝圓柱形，有縱棱紋，密被白色絨毛。卷鬚 2叉分枝，相隔2節間斷與葉對生。
葉為3小葉，中央小葉卵圓形或菱形，長3-6厘米，寬2-3厘米，頂端急尖或漸尖，基部楔形，邊緣每側有5-14個圓鈍鋸齒，有時中裂或深裂，裂缺圓鈍，側生小葉卵圓形，長2-5.5厘米，頂端急尖或圓鈍；
基部常極不對稱，邊緣外側有5-11個圓鈍鋸齒，上面綠色，被稀疏蛛絲狀絨毛，下面密被白色蛛絲狀絨毛， 側脈4-5對，網脈不明顯；
葉柄長2.5-4厘米，中央小葉柄長0-0.5厘米，側生小葉無柄或有極短的柄，被白色蛛絲狀絨毛。
花序與葉對生，復二歧聚傘花序，基部分枝為一卷鬚；花序梗長6-7厘米，密被白色蛛絲狀絨毛；花梗長1-2毫米，無毛；花蕾近球形，高1.5-2毫米，頂端圓形；萼碟形，邊緣呈波狀淺裂，外面無毛；
花瓣5，長卵圓形，高1.4-1.8毫米，外面無毛；雄蕊5，花葯卵圓形，長寬近相等；花盤明顯，波狀淺裂；子房下部與花盤合生，花柱呈錐形，約有10條縱棱，柱頭不明顯擴大。
果實近球形，直徑0.7-0.8厘米，有種子2-3顆；種子長橢圓形，頂端近圓形，基部有短喙，種臍在種子背面中部近圓形，表面有鈍棱突起，上面種脊突出，腹部中棱脊突出，兩側窪穴呈溝狀，從基部斜向上達種子頂端。
花期6月，果期8月。 [2]
英文介紹
Lianas, woody. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, densely tomentose with white hairs; tendrils bifurcate. Leaves 3-foliolate; petiole 2.5-4 cm; central petiolule absent to 5 mm, lateral petiolule very short, with white arachnoid tomentum, or lateral leaflets sessile; leaflets abaxially with dense white and arachnoid tomentum, adaxially with sparse arachnoid tomentum, lateral veins 4 or 5 pairs, veinlets inconspicuous; central leaflet oval or rhombic, sometimes cleft or divided, 3-6 × 2-3 cm, base cuneate, margin with 5-14 rounded and obtuse teeth on each side, apex acute or acuminate; lateral leaflets oval, 2-5.5 cm, base highly asymmetric, margin with 5-11 rounded and obtuse teeth, apex acute or obtuse. Compound dichasium leaf-opposed, with a tendril at base; peduncle 6-7 cm, with dense, white, arachnoid tomentum. Pedicel 1-2 mm, glabrous. Buds globose, 1.5-2 mm, apex rounded. Calyx saucer-shaped, glabrous, undulately lobed. Petals narrowly oval, 1.4-1.8 mm, glabrous. Anthers oval, nearly quadrate. Disk obvious, undulately lobed. Lower part of ovary adnate to disk, oval; style conical, ca. 10 ridges; stigma slightly expanded. Berry globose, 7-8 mm in diam., 2- or 3-seeded. Seeds oblong, base rostrate, apex subrounded, chalazal knot suborbicular. Fl. Jun, fr. Aug.
● Forests, shrublands; 1600-1800 m. Sichuan, Yunnan.