錦竹
錦竹 |
中文學名:錦竹 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:單子葉植物綱 亞 綱:禾本亞綱 目:禾本目 科:禾本科 亞 科:竹亞科 簕竹超族 BAMBUSATAE 簕竹族 BAMBUSEAE 簕竹屬 Bambusa 錦竹 Bambusa subaequalis |
錦竹(jǐn zhú),學名Bambusa subaequalis H. L. Fung et C. Y. Sia ,竿高8-12米,直徑4-6厘米,尾梢下彎,下部挺直;節間長40-50厘米,無毛,幼時被白蠟粉,竿壁稍厚;節處無毛;分枝常自竿基第一節開始,竿下部各節常生1-3枝,近水平伸展,其上的小枝常短縮成軟刺,竿中上部各節則為多枝簇生。產四川。生於丘陵地村落附近;廣東省廣州市已有栽培。 [1]
目錄
形態特徵
竿高8-12米,直徑4-6厘米,尾梢下彎,下部挺直;節間長40-50厘米,無毛,幼時被白蠟粉,竿壁稍厚;節處無毛;分枝常自竿基第一節開始,竿下部各節常生1-3枝,近水平伸展;
其上的小枝常短縮成軟刺,竿中上部各節則為多枝簇生。籜鞘早落,背面無毛,常於外側近邊緣處具1-2條淡黃綠色縱條紋,腹面有光澤,先端呈稍不對稱的寬三角形或近寬拱形;
籜耳不顯著,常與籜片基部相連;籜舌高約3毫米,邊緣具細纖毛;籜片宿存,直立,近三角形,先端邊緣內卷而成銳尖頭,基部兩側邊緣具纖毛,並向外稍延伸而成不明顯的兩籜耳;
籜片基底寬度約與籜鞘先端的寬度近相等。葉鞘近無毛;葉耳常不發達,鞘口繸毛少數而細弱;葉舌極矮,近全緣;
葉片線形,通常長9-16厘米,寬10-13毫米,上表面無毛,下表面被柔毛,先端漸尖具粗糙鑽狀尖頭,基部近圓形或楔形。花枝未見。
FOC >> Vol.22 (2006) >> Poaceae >> Bambusa 17.Bambusa subaequalis H. L. Fung & C. Y. Sia 錦竹 jin zhu
Culms 8–12 m, 4–6 cm in diam., basally straight, apically drooping; internodes 40–50 cm, initially thinly white powdery, glabrous; wall rather thick; nodes glabrous; branching to base.
Branches 1–3 on lower nodes, nearly horizontal; branchlets on lower nodes usually specialized into weak thorns, on middle and upper nodes many, clustered. Culm sheaths deciduous, usually with 1 or 2 pale yellow-green stripes near outer margin, glabrous, apex somewhat broadly triangular or broadly arched;
auricles inconspicuous, usually joined to base of blade; ligule ca. 3 mm, margin finely ciliate; blade persistent, erect, subtriangular, base nearly as wide as sheath apex, extending outward to form inconspicuous auricles, margin involute, apex sharp. Leaf blade linear, usually 9–16 × 1–1.3 cm, abaxially pilose, adaxially glabrous. Inflorescence unknown.
- Hills, around villages. Guangdong (cultivated), Sichuan.
Bambusa subaequalis differs from B. indigena by its more slender culms with longer internodes, glabrous nodes, inconspicuous culm sheath auricles, and narrower leaf blades.
分類文獻
《中國植物志》 第9(1)卷 (1996) >> 067頁 PDF >> 錦竹 Bambusa subaequalis 15.錦竹(植物分類學報)
Bambusa subaequalis H. L. Fung et C. Y. Sia in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 19 (3): 374. pl. 14-3. 1981.
產地生境
價值
本種竿挺直而堅韌,粗度均勻,宜作棚架、農具柄等用材。
辨析
本種與鄉土竹B. indigena Chia et H. L. Fung相似,不同之處在於本種竿壁較之稍薄,節間較長,節處無毛,籜耳不顯著,葉片較窄。