长柄异木患
长柄异木患 |
中文名:长柄异木患 学 名:Allophylus longipes Radlk. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 Angiospermae 纲:双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 Archichlamydeae 目:无患子目 Sapindales 科:无患子科 Sapindaceae 亚 科:无患子亚科 Sapindoideae 属:异木患属 Allophylus 种:长柄异木患 |
长柄异木患(学名:Allophylus longipes Radlk.)为无患子科异木患属下的一个种。产云南东南部至西南部和贵州南部还有越南北部。 [1]
目录
长柄异木患形态特征
长柄异木患, 乔木,高5—10米;小枝圆柱状或略具棱,无毛,具灰白色皮孔。
叶具3小叶;小叶膜质,长圆状披针形或椭圆状披针形,顶生小叶长达8—20厘米,宽3—6厘米,侧生小叶稍小,略偏斜,先端尾状长渐尖,尖头长而弯,基部楔形至阔楔形,边缘上半部具疏离小齿,叶面无毛,叶背沿中脉或侧脉上被疏柔毛,脉腋具髯毛,中脉和侧脉两面隆起,网脉清晰;顶生小叶柄长约1厘米;叶柄长6—10厘米,上面具槽,槽内疏被微柔毛。
总状花序分枝而成圆锥花序式,单生或有时附加不分枝的花序1—2个,花序长15—30厘米,与叶等长或更长,被黄色微柔毛,花序具长柄,长5—8厘米,略具棱;花小,径约2毫米;花柄纤细,长约1.5毫米;萼片覆瓦状排列,卵圆形,下面一对较小,内凹,长约1毫米,上面一对长约2毫米,无毛;花瓣小,匙形,长近2毫米;鳞片深2裂,被白色长柔毛;花盘偏于一侧,被毛,于花瓣着生处之上方膨大成4个钝形的大腺体,腺体无毛;花丝线形,近无毛,长约3毫米;子房被长柔毛。
果卵圆形或椭圆形,长0.9—1厘米,径6—7毫米,无毛。花期7—8月,果期9—11月。
Trees, small, or shrubs, to 10 m tall. Branchlets pale white or yellowish gray, subglabrous. Leaves trifoliate; petioles 4-10 cm; leaflets with petiolules 5-10 mm; blades abaxially olive-green, adaxially brown when dry, papery, abaxially with tufts of hairs in lateral vein axils, margin sparsely serrulate above middle; terminal blade lanceolate or narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, 12-24 × 3-9 cm, base cuneate or broadly so, apex caudate-acuminate; lateral ones ovate or broadly ovate, bilaterally asymmetrical. Inflorescences compound racemose, usually with several or numerous branches, solitary, or sometimes accompanied with 1 or 2 unbranched inflorescences, rachis and branches grooved, grayish yellow pubescent; peduncles 3-4.5 cm; female ones ascending, male ones slender and curved. Pedicels 2-3 mm. Petals shortly cuneate, ca. 1.3 mm, claw villous; scales 2-lobed. Filaments slightly stouter proximally. Ovary (2 or)3-lobed, (2 or)3-loculed, lobes often unequal. Fruit red, ellipsoid, 9-10 × 6-7 mm. Fl. summer-autumn, fr. autumn-winter.
长柄异木患生长环境
常生海拔1100-1600米的密林中。