長舌針茅
長舌針茅 |
中文名:長舌針茅 門:被子植物門 Angiospermae 綱:單子葉植物綱 Monocotyledoneae 目:禾本目 Graminales 科:禾本科 Gramineae 亞 科:早熟禾亞科 Pooideae 族:針茅族 Stipeae 屬:針茅屬 Stipa |
長舌針茅(cháng shé zhēn máo),學名 Stipa macroglossa P. Smirn.,鬚根堅韌。稈高30—50厘米,具2—3節,基部宿存枯葉鞘。主要產於新疆。 [1]
目錄
長舌針茅形態特徵
長舌針茅 葉鞘短於節間,粗糙;基生葉舌端鈍,長1.5—2毫米,稈生者漸尖,先端常兩裂,兩側下延與葉鞘邊緣結合,長4—5毫米或長可達1.2厘米;
葉片縱卷如線形,上面緊貼短毛,下面具硬刺毛,基生葉幾與植株等長。圓錐花序緊縮,長10—15厘米;穎長3—4厘米,先端絲芒狀,具3脈;
外稃長1.5—1.6厘米,背部毛漸成條狀,基盤尖銳,長約3毫米,密被柔毛,芒兩回膝曲扭轉,第一芒柱長3.5—4.5厘米;
第二芒柱長約2厘米,芒針長1.5—2.2厘米,具長3—4毫米的羽狀毛;內稃與外稃等長,具2脈。花果期6—9月 。
Perennial. Culms 30–50 cm tall, 2–3-noded, pubescent below nodes. Basal leaves nearly equal to culms; leaf sheaths shorter than internodes, scabrid; leaf blades setaceous, convolute, ca. 0.5 mm in diam., outer surface strongly scabrid; ligule linear-lanceolate, 4–7(–12) mm, laterally decurrent and adnate to margins of leaf sheath.
Panicle contracted, 10–15 cm, base enclosed by expanded uppermost leaf sheath. Spikelets yellowish green; glumes 4–5.5 cm, apex long acuminate-filiform; callus pungent, ca. 3 mm; lemma 12–16 mm, hairs in longitudinal lines, marginal line terminating 2.5–3.5 mm below apex, other lines shorter, apex glabrous;
awn deciduous, 15–28 cm, 2-geniculate, column smooth, glossy, 3–4.5 cm to first bend, ca. 2 cm to second bend, bristle 15–20 cm, plumose, hairs 3–6 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun–Sep.
Dry steppes, rocky slopes; 800–1800 m. Xinjiang [Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan].
This is a member of the Stipa pennata complex, distinguished by an exceptionally long ligule. It provides good forage when young in steppe regions.
分類文獻
《中國植物志》 第9(3)卷 (1987) >> 287頁 PDF >> 長舌針茅 Stipa macroglossa 23.長舌針茅(擬)圖版69:1-5
Stipa macroglossa P. Smirn. in Not. Syst. Herb. Hort. Bot. Petrop. 5: 47. 1924; Roshev. in Kom. Fl. URSS 2: 94. 1934.
長舌針茅分布範圍
長舌針茅主要產於新疆。
長舌針茅主要價值
長舌針茅抽穗前和果落後是草原地區的1種良好牧草。