鸟足乌蔹莓
| 鸟足乌蔹莓 |
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中文学名:鸟足乌蔹莓 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:鼠李目 |
鸟足乌蔹莓(niǎo zú wū liǎn méi，学名 Cayratia pedata (Lamk.) Juss. ex Gagnep.，异名：Lagenula pedata Columella padata Cayratia longzhouensis Cissus pedata Columella pedata )，木质藤本，小枝圆柱形，有纵棱纹，被疏柔毛。卷须2叉分枝，相隔2节间断与叶对生。产于广西、云南。 [1]
目录
鸟足乌蔹莓形态特征
鸟足乌蔹莓 龙州乌蔹莓（广西植物）七叶大麻藤（云南种子植物名录）图版11：2-6
Cayratia pedata (Lamk) Juss. ex Gagnep. in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1: 346. 1910; W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17 (3): 91. 1979 in clavi; 云南种子植物名录上册793. 1984.——Cissus pedata Lamk. Encycl. 1: 31. 1783.——C. lougzhoueusis W. T. Wang in Guihaia 8 (2): 115.图1-2. 1988.
叶为鸟足状5小叶，中央小叶倒卵椭圆形，侧生小叶卵椭圆形，长5-22厘米，宽2.5-9厘米，顶端尾状渐尖，基部近截形、圆形或微心形，边缘有不规则锯齿，上面绿色，伏生疏短柔毛，下面浅绿色，被疏柔毛；
侧脉6-11对，网脉不明显突出；叶柄长5.5-16厘米，中央小叶柄长1.5-5厘米，侧生小叶柄长2-4厘米，侧生小叶总柄长1-3.5厘米，被疏柔毛；
托叶膜质，褐色，卵披针形，长3-4毫米，宽1.5-3毫米，被稀疏柔毛。
花序腋生，下部有节，为伞房状多歧聚伞花序；花序梗长15-16厘米，被疏柔毛；花梗长2-3毫米，密被短柔毛；花蕾卵圆形，高2-2.5毫米，顶端圆形；萼碟形，边缘全缘，外面被短柔毛；
花瓣4，卵椭圆形，高1.7-2.2毫米，外面几无毛；雄蕊4,花药卵椭圆形，在雌花内雄蕊完全退化；花盘明显，边缘呈波状；子房下部与花盘合生，花柱细，柱头不明显扩大，在雄花内雌蕊退化呈短圆柱状。
果实倒肾形，直径1.2-1.5厘米，有种子2-3颗；种子半球形，顶端近圆形，基部圆钝，喙不明显，种脐在种子背面下部呈带形，上部种脊较狭，表面光滑，腹孔扁圆形，直径3-5毫米。
花期6月，果期9-11月。[2]
英文介绍
Cissus pedata Lamarck, Encycl. 1: 31. 1783; Cayratia longzhouensis W. T. Wang; Columella pedata Loureiro; Lagenula pedata Loureiro.
Lianas, woody. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, sparsely pilose; tendrils bifurcate. Leaves pedately 5-foliolate; stipules brownish, ovate-lanceolate, 3-4 × 1.5-3 mm, membranous, sparsely pilose; petiole 5.5-16 cm; central petiolule 1.5-5 cm, lateral petiolules 2-4 cm, petiolules of lateral leaflet complex 1-3.5 cm, sparsely pilose; leaflets abaxially pilose, adaxially with appressed hairs, lateral veins 6-11 pairs, veinlets inconspicuously raised; central leaflet obovate-elliptic; lateral leaflets ovate-elliptic, 5-22 × 2.5-9 cm, base nearly truncate, rounded, or slightly cordate, margin with irregular teeth, apex caudate-acuminate. Corymbose polychasium axillary; peduncle 15-16 cm, with nodes, pilose. Pedicel 2-3 mm, densely pubescent. Buds oval, 2-2.5 mm, apex rounded. Calyx saucer-shaped, pubescent, entire. Petals ovate-elliptic, 1.7-2.2 mm, nearly glabrous. Anthers ovoid-elliptic, poorly developed in female flowers. Disk well developed, margin undulate. Lower part of ovary adnate to disk; style slender; stigma slightly expanded, or cylindrical in male flowers. Berry elliptic, 1.2-1.5 cm in diam., 2- or 3-seeded. Seeds semiglobose, base rounded, apex subrounded, rostrum inconspicuous, upper raphe narrow, surface smooth, ventral holes nearly rounded, 3-5 mm in diam. Fl. Jun, fr. Sep-Nov. 2n = 80.
Forests, shrublands, rocky areas, roadsides; 800-2200 m. Guangxi, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam].
鸟足乌蔹莓生长环境
生长在海拔800-2200米山坡林中、灌木或岩石缝中。