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创建页面，内容为“'''2020年貝魯特爆炸事故'''，黎巴嫩首都贝鲁特港口发生巨大爆炸，造成至少135人死亡，超过4000人受伤。总统宣布全国哀悼三…”
'''2020年貝魯特爆炸事故'''，黎巴嫩首都贝鲁特港口发生巨大爆炸，造成至少135人死亡，超过4000人受伤。总统宣布全国哀悼三天，国家进入两周的紧急状态。黎巴嫩总统米歇尔·奥恩（Michel Aoun）表示，爆炸相信是由存放在港口仓库内多年的2750吨硝酸铵引起。他表示，没有安全地储存数量如此庞大的化学品令人“无法接受”。当局正进行调查以找到引发爆炸的确切原因。黎巴嫩最高防务委员会说，涉事者可能将面临“最高刑罚”。奥恩总统还宣布政府将投入1000亿里拉（约6600万美元）的紧急资金，并称将宣布进入为期两周的紧急状态。
2013年9月23日，悬挂[[摩尔多瓦]]{{le|船只注册|ship registration|国旗}}船籍[[俄罗斯]]的货运[[摩托船]]{{tsl|en|MV Rhosus|
罗瑟斯号|“罗瑟斯号”}}搭载一家葡萄牙公司所購買的2,750吨[[硝酸铵]]，从黑海沿岸的[[格鲁吉亚]][[巴统]]出发，前往東非國家[[莫桑比克]]的目的地[[贝拉]]送貨<ref name="rhosus.shiparrested">{{cite journal |url=https://shiparrested.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf#page=3 |title=m/v Rhosus — Arrest and Personal Freedom of the Crew |date=October 2015 |number=11 |journal=The Arrest News |accessdate=2020-08-05 |first1=Charbel |last1=Dagher |first2=Christine |last2=Maksoud |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805004609/https://shiparrested.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf |archive-date=2020-08-05}}</ref><ref>[https://www.plataformamedia.com/zh-hant/2020/08/09/%E8%B2%9D%E9%AD%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8%EF%BC%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%8A%A8%E7%94%B1%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E8%A8%82%E8%B3%BC/ 貝魯特爆炸：硝酸銨由葡萄牙公司訂購]Plataforma，2020年8月9日</ref>。向東南往非洲的航行过程中，“罗瑟斯号”突遇引擎故障，被迫停靠贝鲁特港<ref name="rhosus.tv2">{{Cite news|last=Jørgensen|first=Lars Bach|date=2020-08-05|title=Ekspert forklarer, hvad der sandsynligvis skete i Beirut|language=da|trans-title=Expert explains what probably happened in Beirut|work=TV 2|url=https://nyheder.tv2.dk/udland/2020-08-05-ekspert-forklarer-hvad-der-sandsynligvis-skete-i-beirut|dead-url=no|accessdate=2020-08-05|quote=The large amount of potentially dangerous fertilizer has been there since 2014, when the Moldavian ship Rhosus had to port due to engine problems.}}</ref>。经[[港口国监督]]检查后，认为“罗瑟斯号”不适合航行。“罗瑟斯号”原船長普羅科謝夫（Boris Prokoshev）憶述，船东還试图在当地加载几台重型机械以赚取额外的费用。<ref name=mp/>但船组人员认为货物太过沉重，拒绝承接<ref>{{Cite web|title=Captain astonished to find out his ship delivered Beirut explosive|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/captain-astonished-to-find-out-his-ship-delivered-beirut-explosive/|accessdate=2020-08-07|last=Litvinova|first=Daria|work=www.timesofisrael.com|language=en-US}}</ref>。由于没有錢支付港口费，“罗瑟斯号”被禁止离港<ref name="rhosus.fleetmon" /><ref name="rhosus.tv2" />。船上有8名乌克兰人和1名俄国人，后来在乌克兰领事的协助下，先行將5名乌克兰人遣返回国，滯留下的4人則看管船只<ref name="rhosus.newsmaker" />{{efn|消息人士指船上剩下4名船员，但另有人士指船长也留下来<ref name="rhosus.newsmaker"/><ref name="rhosus.shiparrested"/>。}}。
但后来船东破产，承租人对船运不再感兴趣，船东于是将货船废弃<ref name="rhosus.newsmaker">{{cite news|url=https://newsmaker.md/ro/presa-substanta-care-a-provocat-explozia-din-beirut-a-fost-adusa-de-nava-unui-rus-sub-pavilionul-r-moldova|title=Substanța care a provocat explozia din Beirut a fost adusă de nava unui rus sub pavilionul R. Moldova|first=Stela|last=Untila|newspaper=NewsMaker|date=2020-08-05|accessdate=2020-08-05|language=ro}}</ref>。船上的粮食迅速耗尽，船员们却因移民限制仍无法下船<ref name="rhosus.shiparrested"/>。债权人另外还获得了三份针对货船的扣留手令{{efn|法庭可颁布命令“扣留”舰船，支持债权人针对船舶提出的{{le|海上留置权|maritime lien}}索赔<ref>{{cite news|date=2020-04-03|title=Points to Consider if your Ship is Arrested|first=Eugene|last=Cheng|work=West of England|url=https://www.westpandi.com/publications/news/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit.|accessdate=2020-08-05}}</ref>。}}<ref name="rhosus.newsmaker"/><ref name="rhosus.shiparrested"/>。律师出于同情，认为仍留在船上的货物會對他們构成危险，就遣返這幾名歐洲籍船员要求提出申訴。船員被困船上11个月后，贝鲁特的紧急事务法官允许他們返回家园<ref name="rhosus.newsmaker"/><ref name="rhosus.shiparrested"/><ref name=mp>[https://news.mingpao.com/pns/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B/article/20200808/s00014/1596825769266/%E8%B2%9D%E9%AD%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%B8%AF%E5%8F%A316%E8%81%B7%E5%93%A1%E9%81%AD%E6%89%A3%E6%9F%A5 貝魯特港口16職員遭扣查]明报，2020年8月8日</ref>。危险货物于2014年带上岸，接下来的6年间一直放在港口的12号机库中，没有采取安全措施<ref name="rhosus.shiparrested"/><ref name="rhosus.jazeera">{{cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/08/officials-knew-danger-beirut-port-years-200805032416684.html|title=Beirut blast: Tracing the explosives that tore the capital apart|first=Timour|last=Azhari|journal=Al Jazeera|date=2020-08-05|accessdate=2020-08-05}}</ref><ref name="rhosus.fleetmon">{{cite web |last1=Voytenko |first1=Mikhail |title=Crew kept hostages on a floating bomb — m/v Rhosus, Beirut |url=https://www.fleetmon.com/maritime-news/2014/4194/crew-kept-hostages-floating-bomb-mv-rhosus-beirut/ |website=fleetmon |date=2014-07-23 |access-date=2020-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804213142/https://www.fleetmon.com/maritime-news/2014/4194/crew-kept-hostages-floating-bomb-mv-rhosus-beirut/ |archive-date=2020-08-04 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Rhosus |url=https://www.fleetmon.com/vessels/rhosus_8630344_46589/ |website=Fleetmon [vessel tracker database] |accessdate=2020-08-04}}</ref><ref name="rhosus.shiparrested"/><ref name="Reuters Toll Expected">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-lebanon-security-blast/toll-expected-to-rise-in-blast-that-shook-beirut-killing-78-and-injuring-thousands-idUSKCN25107B|access-date=2020-08-05|date=2020-08-05|work=Reuters|title=Toll expected to rise in blast that shook Beirut, killing 78 and injuring thousands|last1=Nakhoul|first1=Samia|last2=Francis|first2=Ellen|archive-date=5 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805092034/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-lebanon-security-blast/toll-expected-to-rise-in-blast-that-shook-beirut-killing-78-and-injuring-thousands-idUSKCN25107B|deadurl=no}}</ref>。
爆炸發生後網上流傳相信是12號倉庫此前的照片，顯示裝有硝酸銨的袋上印有「NITROPILL HD」標誌。新聞調查網站{{tsl|en|Bellingcat|Bellingcat}}指出，澳洲企業Orica生產的一款礦山爆破用硝酸銨炸藥，便命名為「NITROPIL」，比「NITROPILL HD」少一個L，後者相信是由一家巴西公司生產的冒牌貨。<ref>[http://paper.wenweipo.com/2020/08/06/GJ2008060009.htm 充公自扣押貨船 硝酸銨或巴西山寨貨]文汇报，2020年8月6日</ref>
2013年9月23日，悬挂[[摩尔多瓦]]{{le|船只注册|ship registration|国旗}}船籍[[俄罗斯]]的货运[[摩托船]]{{tsl|en|MV Rhosus|
罗瑟斯号|“罗瑟斯号”}}搭载一家葡萄牙公司所購買的2,750吨[[硝酸铵]]，从黑海沿岸的[[格鲁吉亚]][[巴统]]出发，前往東非國家[[莫桑比克]]的目的地[[贝拉]]送貨<ref name="rhosus.shiparrested">{{cite journal |url=https://shiparrested.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf#page=3 |title=m/v Rhosus — Arrest and Personal Freedom of the Crew |date=October 2015 |number=11 |journal=The Arrest News |accessdate=2020-08-05 |first1=Charbel |last1=Dagher |first2=Christine |last2=Maksoud |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805004609/https://shiparrested.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/The-Arrest-News-11th-issue.pdf |archive-date=2020-08-05}}</ref><ref>[https://www.plataformamedia.com/zh-hant/2020/08/09/%E8%B2%9D%E9%AD%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8%EF%BC%9A%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E9%8A%A8%E7%94%B1%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E8%A8%82%E8%B3%BC/ 貝魯特爆炸：硝酸銨由葡萄牙公司訂購]Plataforma，2020年8月9日</ref>。向東南往非洲的航行过程中，“罗瑟斯号”突遇引擎故障，被迫停靠贝鲁特港<ref name="rhosus.tv2">{{Cite news|last=Jørgensen|first=Lars Bach|date=2020-08-05|title=Ekspert forklarer, hvad der sandsynligvis skete i Beirut|language=da|trans-title=Expert explains what probably happened in Beirut|work=TV 2|url=https://nyheder.tv2.dk/udland/2020-08-05-ekspert-forklarer-hvad-der-sandsynligvis-skete-i-beirut|dead-url=no|accessdate=2020-08-05|quote=The large amount of potentially dangerous fertilizer has been there since 2014, when the Moldavian ship Rhosus had to port due to engine problems.}}</ref>。经[[港口国监督]]检查后，认为“罗瑟斯号”不适合航行。“罗瑟斯号”原船長普羅科謝夫（Boris Prokoshev）憶述，船东還试图在当地加载几台重型机械以赚取额外的费用。<ref name=mp/>但船组人员认为货物太过沉重，拒绝承接<ref>{{Cite web|title=Captain astonished to find out his ship delivered Beirut explosive|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/captain-astonished-to-find-out-his-ship-delivered-beirut-explosive/|accessdate=2020-08-07|last=Litvinova|first=Daria|work=www.timesofisrael.com|language=en-US}}</ref>。由于没有錢支付港口费，“罗瑟斯号”被禁止离港<ref name="rhosus.fleetmon" /><ref name="rhosus.tv2" />。船上有8名乌克兰人和1名俄国人，后来在乌克兰领事的协助下，先行將5名乌克兰人遣返回国，滯留下的4人則看管船只<ref name="rhosus.newsmaker" />{{efn|消息人士指船上剩下4名船员，但另有人士指船长也留下来<ref name="rhosus.newsmaker"/><ref name="rhosus.shiparrested"/>。}}。
但后来船东破产，承租人对船运不再感兴趣，船东于是将货船废弃<ref name="rhosus.newsmaker">{{cite news|url=https://newsmaker.md/ro/presa-substanta-care-a-provocat-explozia-din-beirut-a-fost-adusa-de-nava-unui-rus-sub-pavilionul-r-moldova|title=Substanța care a provocat explozia din Beirut a fost adusă de nava unui rus sub pavilionul R. Moldova|first=Stela|last=Untila|newspaper=NewsMaker|date=2020-08-05|accessdate=2020-08-05|language=ro}}</ref>。船上的粮食迅速耗尽，船员们却因移民限制仍无法下船<ref name="rhosus.shiparrested"/>。债权人另外还获得了三份针对货船的扣留手令{{efn|法庭可颁布命令“扣留”舰船，支持债权人针对船舶提出的{{le|海上留置权|maritime lien}}索赔<ref>{{cite news|date=2020-04-03|title=Points to Consider if your Ship is Arrested|first=Eugene|last=Cheng|work=West of England|url=https://www.westpandi.com/publications/news/points-to-consider-if-your-ship-is-arrested/#:~:text=An%20arrest%20is%20a%20court,of%20arrest%20and%20an%20affidavit.|accessdate=2020-08-05}}</ref>。}}<ref name="rhosus.newsmaker"/><ref name="rhosus.shiparrested"/>。律师出于同情，认为仍留在船上的货物會對他們构成危险，就遣返這幾名歐洲籍船员要求提出申訴。船員被困船上11个月后，贝鲁特的紧急事务法官允许他們返回家园<ref name="rhosus.newsmaker"/><ref name="rhosus.shiparrested"/><ref name=mp>[https://news.mingpao.com/pns/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B/article/20200808/s00014/1596825769266/%E8%B2%9D%E9%AD%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%B8%AF%E5%8F%A316%E8%81%B7%E5%93%A1%E9%81%AD%E6%89%A3%E6%9F%A5 貝魯特港口16職員遭扣查]明报，2020年8月8日</ref>。危险货物于2014年带上岸，接下来的6年间一直放在港口的12号机库中，没有采取安全措施<ref name="rhosus.shiparrested"/><ref name="rhosus.jazeera">{{cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/08/officials-knew-danger-beirut-port-years-200805032416684.html|title=Beirut blast: Tracing the explosives that tore the capital apart|first=Timour|last=Azhari|journal=Al Jazeera|date=2020-08-05|accessdate=2020-08-05}}</ref><ref name="rhosus.fleetmon">{{cite web |last1=Voytenko |first1=Mikhail |title=Crew kept hostages on a floating bomb — m/v Rhosus, Beirut |url=https://www.fleetmon.com/maritime-news/2014/4194/crew-kept-hostages-floating-bomb-mv-rhosus-beirut/ |website=fleetmon |date=2014-07-23 |access-date=2020-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804213142/https://www.fleetmon.com/maritime-news/2014/4194/crew-kept-hostages-floating-bomb-mv-rhosus-beirut/ |archive-date=2020-08-04 |dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Rhosus |url=https://www.fleetmon.com/vessels/rhosus_8630344_46589/ |website=Fleetmon [vessel tracker database] |accessdate=2020-08-04}}</ref><ref name="rhosus.shiparrested"/><ref name="Reuters Toll Expected">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-lebanon-security-blast/toll-expected-to-rise-in-blast-that-shook-beirut-killing-78-and-injuring-thousands-idUSKCN25107B|access-date=2020-08-05|date=2020-08-05|work=Reuters|title=Toll expected to rise in blast that shook Beirut, killing 78 and injuring thousands|last1=Nakhoul|first1=Samia|last2=Francis|first2=Ellen|archive-date=5 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805092034/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-lebanon-security-blast/toll-expected-to-rise-in-blast-that-shook-beirut-killing-78-and-injuring-thousands-idUSKCN25107B|deadurl=no}}</ref>。
爆炸發生後網上流傳相信是12號倉庫此前的照片，顯示裝有硝酸銨的袋上印有「NITROPILL HD」標誌。新聞調查網站{{tsl|en|Bellingcat|Bellingcat}}指出，澳洲企業Orica生產的一款礦山爆破用硝酸銨炸藥，便命名為「NITROPIL」，比「NITROPILL HD」少一個L，後者相信是由一家巴西公司生產的冒牌貨。<ref>[http://paper.wenweipo.com/2020/08/06/GJ2008060009.htm 充公自扣押貨船 硝酸銨或巴西山寨貨]文汇报，2020年8月6日</ref>