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单叶豆

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单叶豆:灌木或乔木,产广东海南岛。是海南特有种。生于低海拔山地密林中,为季雨林中常见树种。<ref>[http://www.iplant.cn/info/%B5%A5%D2%B6%B6%B9 单叶豆], 植物智, 2020-01-18</ref>
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| <center><img src=http://img1.iplant.cn/gotoimg/236/37B13F3F86004455.jpg width="250"></center><small>[http://www.iplant.cn/info/%E5%8D%95%E5%8F%B6%E8%B1%86?t=p  来自 植物智 的图片]</small>
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亚 目:蔷薇亚目 Rosineae
科: [[ 牛栓藤科 ]] Connaraceae
属: [[ 单叶豆属 ]] Ellipanthus
种:单叶豆
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'''单叶豆'''(dān yè dòu),学名 Ellipanthus glabrifolius Merr.,俗名:'''鬼荔枝、知荆''',灌木或乔木,产[[广东]][[海南岛]]。是[[海南]]特有种。生于低海拔山地密林中,为季雨林中常见树种。
<ref>[http://www.iplant.cn/info/%B5%A5%D2%B6%B6%B9 单叶豆], 植物智, 2020-01-18</ref>
 
==单叶豆形态特征==
灌木或乔木,高4-10米,有高至25米者;树皮灰褐色,枝与小枝为圆柱形,枝幼时被锈色短绒毛,后脱落无毛。单叶互生,叶薄革质,长圆形或长圆状披针形,长7-14厘米,宽2.5-4.5厘米 ;  先端渐尖或短尖,基部圆形,全缘,两面无毛,侧脉4-7对,细脉网状明显;叶柄长1-2厘米,两端稍膨大。圆锥花序或聚伞花序,腋生或顶生,花序少分枝,长1.5-5厘米,被淡黄色短绒毛;   花两性,萼片5,卵状披针形,长2毫米,外被短绒毛,花瓣5,白色,长圆状披针形,长6-7毫米,两面被短绒毛;雄蕊10,5枚发育,5枚极退化,花药淡棕色,花丝被长柔毛;   心皮1,扁卵形,被长柔毛,1室。蓇葖果卵形,长12-20毫米,有喙,密被锈色绒毛;种子1,长1.5毫米,深褐色,稍有光泽,基部为2裂的假种皮所包围。花期10月至翌年3月,果期7月 。 Shrubs climbing or trees, 4–10(–25) m tall. Bark gray-brown. Branchlets terete, minutely ferrugineous tomentose when young, later glabrescent. Leaves 1-foliolate; petiole 1–2 cm, slightly inflated at both ends, glabrous; leaf blade oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 7–14 × 2.5–4.5 cm, thinly leathery, glabrous on both surfaces, veins prominent abaxially, lateral veins 4–7-paired, base rounded, margin entire, apex acuminate or shortly pointed. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, paniculate or glomerulate-racemose, 1.5–5 cm; rachis and pedicels minutely yellowish tomentose. Flowers bisexual. Sepals 5, ovate-lanceolate, 2–3 mm, shortly tomentose abaxially.  Petals 5, white, oblong-lanceolate, 6–7 mm, shortly tomentose on both surfaces. Stamens ca. 10, unequal, 5 opposite sepals well developed, 5 opposite petals abortive; filaments villous; anthers bright brown.  Carpel 1, compressed ovoid, 1-celled, villous. Follicle ovoid, 12–20 mm, densely ferrugineous tomentose, apex beaked. Seed 1, dark brown, slightly glossy, ca. 1.5 mm, base covered by 2-lobed aril. Fl. Oct–Mar, fr. Jul of following year. ==分类文献==Ellipanthus glabrifolius Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 23:246. 1923; Schellenb. in Engl. Pflanzenr. H. 103: 183. 1938;中国高等植物图鉴2: 319. 图2368. 1972; 陈焕镛等, 海南植物志3: 110. f. 606. 1974. 
==单叶豆生长环境==
生长于低海拔山地密林中,为季雨林中常见树种,又是海南特有种。
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