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! <p style="background: #0088A8; color: #FFFFFF; margin:auto; padding:5px 0; "> '''納瓦尼特姆·「納維」·皮莱''' </p>
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|<center><img src="https://atlantabuzz.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/navanethem-pillay.jpg" width="280"></center><small>[https://atlantabuzz.com/things-to-do-atlanta-events/an-evening-with-judge-navanethem-pillay/ 圖片來自atlantabuzz]
</small>
|}
'''納瓦尼特姆·「納維」·皮莱'''（{{lang-en|'''Navanethem "Navi" Pillay'''}}；{{bd|1941年|9月23日|||catIdx=Pillay}}），[[南非]]女[[法官]]，自2008年9月起至2014年8月底任[[联合国人权事务高级专员]]。她是{{le|南非高等法院|High Court of South Africa}}首位非白人法官<ref name="reuters-factbox"/>，曾任[[国际刑事法院]]法官和[[卢旺达问题国际刑事法庭]]庭长<ref name="ohchr"/>。
== 早年 ==
1941年9月23日，皮萊生于南非[[德班]]的一个贫穷地区<ref name="reuters-factbox">''[[Reuters]]'' (28 July 2008). “[http://uk.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUKL843084620080728 FACTBOX-South Africa's Pillay is new human rights chief]”. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>。皮萊具有印度[[泰米尔人]]血统，她的父亲是一个[[司機|巴士司机]]<ref name="reuters-factbox"/>。1965年1月，她与[[律师]]加比·皮萊（Gaby Pillay）结婚<ref name="reddy">[http://scnc.ukzn.ac.za/doc/Audio/VOR/PillayNavi/PillayNavi%20transcript.htm Interview with Vino Reddy] (11 August 2002). ''Voices of Resistance''. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>。
依靠当地[[印度人]]社区的资助<ref name="BBC-profile">Jonah Fisher (28 July 2008). "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/7529821.stm Profile: New UN human rights chief]". ''[[BBC News]]''. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref><ref name="smh">Maggie Farley (26 July 2008). "[http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/human-rights-commissioner-fought-a-long-battle-for-her-own-rights/2008/07/25/1216492734171.html Human rights commissioner fought a long battle for her own rights]". ''[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]''. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>，皮萊於1963年及1965年分別取得{{le|納塔爾大學|University of Natal}}的[[文学士]]與[[法学]]学士学位<ref name="rhodes">Paul Walters (1 April 2005). [http://www.ru.ac.za/academic/graduation/addresses_and_citations/2005/Judge_Pillay_citation.doc Citation for honorary doctorate, Rhodes University] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060926231120/http://www.ru.ac.za/academic/graduation/addresses_and_citations/2005/Judge_Pillay_citation.doc |date=2006-09-26 }}. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>。后来，她又前往[[哈佛大学]][[哈佛法学院|法学院]]深造，并于1982年及1988年分別取得法学[[硕士]]與[[博士]]学位，更成为首位获得[[哈佛大学]]法学博士的南非人<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=YgzGqNhLY1UC&lpg=PA265&dq=navi%20OR%20Navanethem%20pillay%20first%20%22black%20woman%20to%20start%22&pg=PA265#v=onepage&q=navi%20OR%20Navanethem%20pillay%20first%20%22black%20woman%20to%20start%22&f=false]</ref><ref name="HLB">Emily Newburger (Spring 2006). "[http://www.law.harvard.edu/news/bulletin/2006/spring/feature_3.php The bus driver's daughter]". ''Harvard Law Bulletin''. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>。
== 职业 ==
=== 联合国人权高专 ===
2008年7月24日，[[联合国秘书长]][[潘基文]]提名皮萊，接替[[路易絲·艾伯]]担任人权高专<ref name="hailprin">John Heilprin (24 July 2008). "[http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5gsse47Om_2ZPgxj1OTNDk6WLZshAD924O5TG0 South Africa lawyer nominated as UN rights chief]{{dead link|date=2018年1月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}". The [[Associated Press]]. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref><ref name="charbonneau">Louis Charbonneau (28 July 2008). "[http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSN2826663320080728 U.N. assembly confirms S.African as human rights chief]". ''[[Reuters]]''. Retrieved on 20 April 2009.</ref><!-- <ref name="irish-times">Jason Michael (29 July 2008). "[http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2008/0729/breaking40.htm Martin welcomes new UN rights commissioner]". ''[[The Irish Times]]''. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref> -->。2008年7月28日舉行的[[联合国大会]]的特别会议上，該提名獲全體成員國一致通过<ref name="ohchr">[[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]] (2008). "[http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/NewHC.aspx Navanethem Pillay confirmed as new High Commissioner for Human Rights]". Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>。她从2008年9月1日展開為期四年的任期<ref name="ohchr"/>，皮萊就任後表示，人权高专要时刻代表“全球各地受害者的声音”<ref name="BBC-profile"/>。
== 奖项与荣誉 ==
2003年，她获得美国的Gruber女权奖（Gruber Prize for Women’s Rights）。皮萊獲[[杜伦大学]]<ref name="durham">Durham University (15 May 2007). "[http://www1.hero.ac.uk/sites/hero/media_relations/16194.cfm Honorary degrees for remarkable achievement] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081003013740/http://www1.hero.ac.uk/sites/hero/media_relations/16194.cfm |date=2008-10-03 }}". Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>、[[纽约城市大学法学院]]（City University of New York School of Law）<ref name="cuny">[[CUNY]] Newswire (25 May 2006). "[http://www1.cuny.edu/forum/?p=653 CUNY Commencement 2006] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090328184742/http://www1.cuny.edu/forum/?p=653 |date=2009-03-28 }}". Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>、[[伦敦政治经济学院]]以及{{le|羅德斯大學|Rhodes University}}（位于南非[[東開普省]][[格拉罕鎮]]）授予[[名誉学位]]<ref name="rhodes"/>。2009年，《[[福布斯]]》杂志把她评为全球第64名最有权力的女性<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/11/power-women-09_The-100-Most-Powerful-Women_Rank_3.html |title = The 100 Most Powerful Women |publisher = Forbes.com}}</ref>。
== 参考文献 ==
{{Reflist}}
== 外部链接 ==
* [http://www.ohchr.org 联合国人权事务高专办事处网站]
! <p style="background: #0088A8; color: #FFFFFF; margin:auto; padding:5px 0; "> '''納瓦尼特姆·「納維」·皮莱''' </p>
|-
|<center><img src="https://atlantabuzz.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/navanethem-pillay.jpg" width="280"></center><small>[https://atlantabuzz.com/things-to-do-atlanta-events/an-evening-with-judge-navanethem-pillay/ 圖片來自atlantabuzz]
</small>
|}
'''納瓦尼特姆·「納維」·皮莱'''（{{lang-en|'''Navanethem "Navi" Pillay'''}}；{{bd|1941年|9月23日|||catIdx=Pillay}}），[[南非]]女[[法官]]，自2008年9月起至2014年8月底任[[联合国人权事务高级专员]]。她是{{le|南非高等法院|High Court of South Africa}}首位非白人法官<ref name="reuters-factbox"/>，曾任[[国际刑事法院]]法官和[[卢旺达问题国际刑事法庭]]庭长<ref name="ohchr"/>。
== 早年 ==
1941年9月23日，皮萊生于南非[[德班]]的一个贫穷地区<ref name="reuters-factbox">''[[Reuters]]'' (28 July 2008). “[http://uk.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUKL843084620080728 FACTBOX-South Africa's Pillay is new human rights chief]”. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>。皮萊具有印度[[泰米尔人]]血统，她的父亲是一个[[司機|巴士司机]]<ref name="reuters-factbox"/>。1965年1月，她与[[律师]]加比·皮萊（Gaby Pillay）结婚<ref name="reddy">[http://scnc.ukzn.ac.za/doc/Audio/VOR/PillayNavi/PillayNavi%20transcript.htm Interview with Vino Reddy] (11 August 2002). ''Voices of Resistance''. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>。
依靠当地[[印度人]]社区的资助<ref name="BBC-profile">Jonah Fisher (28 July 2008). "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/7529821.stm Profile: New UN human rights chief]". ''[[BBC News]]''. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref><ref name="smh">Maggie Farley (26 July 2008). "[http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/human-rights-commissioner-fought-a-long-battle-for-her-own-rights/2008/07/25/1216492734171.html Human rights commissioner fought a long battle for her own rights]". ''[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]''. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>，皮萊於1963年及1965年分別取得{{le|納塔爾大學|University of Natal}}的[[文学士]]與[[法学]]学士学位<ref name="rhodes">Paul Walters (1 April 2005). [http://www.ru.ac.za/academic/graduation/addresses_and_citations/2005/Judge_Pillay_citation.doc Citation for honorary doctorate, Rhodes University] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060926231120/http://www.ru.ac.za/academic/graduation/addresses_and_citations/2005/Judge_Pillay_citation.doc |date=2006-09-26 }}. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>。后来，她又前往[[哈佛大学]][[哈佛法学院|法学院]]深造，并于1982年及1988年分別取得法学[[硕士]]與[[博士]]学位，更成为首位获得[[哈佛大学]]法学博士的南非人<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=YgzGqNhLY1UC&lpg=PA265&dq=navi%20OR%20Navanethem%20pillay%20first%20%22black%20woman%20to%20start%22&pg=PA265#v=onepage&q=navi%20OR%20Navanethem%20pillay%20first%20%22black%20woman%20to%20start%22&f=false]</ref><ref name="HLB">Emily Newburger (Spring 2006). "[http://www.law.harvard.edu/news/bulletin/2006/spring/feature_3.php The bus driver's daughter]". ''Harvard Law Bulletin''. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>。
== 职业 ==
=== 联合国人权高专 ===
2008年7月24日，[[联合国秘书长]][[潘基文]]提名皮萊，接替[[路易絲·艾伯]]担任人权高专<ref name="hailprin">John Heilprin (24 July 2008). "[http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5gsse47Om_2ZPgxj1OTNDk6WLZshAD924O5TG0 South Africa lawyer nominated as UN rights chief]{{dead link|date=2018年1月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}". The [[Associated Press]]. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref><ref name="charbonneau">Louis Charbonneau (28 July 2008). "[http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSN2826663320080728 U.N. assembly confirms S.African as human rights chief]". ''[[Reuters]]''. Retrieved on 20 April 2009.</ref><!-- <ref name="irish-times">Jason Michael (29 July 2008). "[http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2008/0729/breaking40.htm Martin welcomes new UN rights commissioner]". ''[[The Irish Times]]''. Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref> -->。2008年7月28日舉行的[[联合国大会]]的特别会议上，該提名獲全體成員國一致通过<ref name="ohchr">[[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]] (2008). "[http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/NewHC.aspx Navanethem Pillay confirmed as new High Commissioner for Human Rights]". Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>。她从2008年9月1日展開為期四年的任期<ref name="ohchr"/>，皮萊就任後表示，人权高专要时刻代表“全球各地受害者的声音”<ref name="BBC-profile"/>。
== 奖项与荣誉 ==
2003年，她获得美国的Gruber女权奖（Gruber Prize for Women’s Rights）。皮萊獲[[杜伦大学]]<ref name="durham">Durham University (15 May 2007). "[http://www1.hero.ac.uk/sites/hero/media_relations/16194.cfm Honorary degrees for remarkable achievement] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081003013740/http://www1.hero.ac.uk/sites/hero/media_relations/16194.cfm |date=2008-10-03 }}". Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>、[[纽约城市大学法学院]]（City University of New York School of Law）<ref name="cuny">[[CUNY]] Newswire (25 May 2006). "[http://www1.cuny.edu/forum/?p=653 CUNY Commencement 2006] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090328184742/http://www1.cuny.edu/forum/?p=653 |date=2009-03-28 }}". Retrieved on 30 July 2008.</ref>、[[伦敦政治经济学院]]以及{{le|羅德斯大學|Rhodes University}}（位于南非[[東開普省]][[格拉罕鎮]]）授予[[名誉学位]]<ref name="rhodes"/>。2009年，《[[福布斯]]》杂志把她评为全球第64名最有权力的女性<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/11/power-women-09_The-100-Most-Powerful-Women_Rank_3.html |title = The 100 Most Powerful Women |publisher = Forbes.com}}</ref>。
== 参考文献 ==
{{Reflist}}
== 外部链接 ==
* [http://www.ohchr.org 联合国人权事务高专办事处网站]