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奇异散斑壳

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编号 NFG-89-09 拉丁菌名 Ganoderma kunmingense Zhao sp. nov. 中文菌名 奇异散斑壳 定名人 林英任 Nomencla Zhao Jiding 发表文章 松树上的七种散斑壳

奇异散斑壳是一种松树上散斑壳属的细菌品种，由林英任命名。该菌是引起红 松真菌性病害的病原菌。

松树上的七种散斑壳

Article Studies on the Taxonomy of Ganodertataceae in China IX. Subgen. Ganoderma Sect. Ganoderma

作者 林英任 唐燕平 Author Zhao Jiding

作者单位 安徽农学院, 合肥 230036

摘要 本文报道了松树上散斑壳属 (Lophodermium Chev.) 7个种, 其中3个新种: 安徽散斑壳 (Lophodermium anhuiense Y.R.Lin sp. nov.) 白皮松散斑壳 (Lophodermium pinibungeanae Y.R.Lin sp. nov.)及奇异散斑壳 (Lophodermium mirabile Y.R.Lin sp. nov.) , 2个我国新纪录: 针叶树散斑壳 (Lophodermium conigenum (Brunaud) Hilitz) 和南方散 斑壳(Lophodermium australe Dearn.) 2个新纪载的种: ?松针散斑壳 (Lophodermium panastri (Schrad.) Chev.) 和乔松散斑壳 (Lophodermium pini-excelsae Ahmad) . 文中列出了分种检索表, 对新种作了拉丁和汉 文描述, 对新记录种的主要特点以及已知种的寄主新记录 和地理分布分别作了记载。

Abstract So far as we know the earliest of Lingzhi (Ganderma lucidum) was in <> of E. Han Dynasty. But the medicinal use of Linghiwas known to Chinese ancestors long long ago. 　　The earliest record of Ganoderma lucidum abroad was W.Curts's Boletus lucidus W.Curt, t. no. 224. 1781" inFlora Londinensis. The designated holotype species has not been found. Fortunately Karsten (1881), the fonuder of the Genus Ganoderma left a specimen at H (Helsinki,Finland: Botanical Museum), it could be selected as neotype (Bazzalo & Wright, 1982). 　　Several taxonomists were of different opinions that one species therein the structure of crust of different specimens. This character was also found in the same specimen.(Furtado, 1965, 1981, Corner 1983) There is also variation in the colour of the context. Perhaps the drakening of the colour of the context is due to the gradual increase inthemean temperature from north to south and from the higher to the lower altitudes (Steyaert 1972).

　　Some workers consider that is no importance with or without stipe of one specimen on classification Steyaert (1975) demonstrated that even the spores in Ganodermatornatum complex change by tbe difference of latitude and altitude.

　　In a word we may say that the species of Ganoderm lucidum complex are not stable in nature. Indeed this is anatural law. Each biological species in natute is not only c ontinuously varied but also with relative stability. They are growing and developing in the contraditory of nature.

　　The present author agrees with the other's opinions that in Ganodrtma the featute of spores is the only criterion in classification of whicht he difference is clear-cut from one speciesto another (Patouillard 1889, 1900, Imazeki, 1939, Asoshima, 1971). At the same time he proposes that it may be right to use the comprehensive features of each species on classification.

　　Different concepts of Ganodrma lucidium (s.also or s.str, ) were held by several taxonomists therefore the related species are natually dfferent. The following mayi be itsrelated species recognized by the present author. They are: Ganoderma resinaceum Bond., Ganoderma curitsii (Berk.) Murr. (Steyaert 1980), Ganoderma sichuanensis Zhao et zhang (Zhao et al, 1983),Ganoderma sinense Zhao Xu et Zhang (Zhao et al. 1979, 1981) and Ganoderma tsugae Murr. (Murrill, 1908).

　　The author assumes that in this sectin Ganoderma lucidum is supposed to be a central species, around which many other species derived and a larger speciesagrregate was formed. Several taxonomists named it Ganoderma lucidum complex (Ryvarden, 1980.1981, 1985).

　　For a long time the classification of Ganoderma lucidum complex has been a difficult problem and has also long benn a stumbling blockfor taxonomists This fungal group has been studied by the presernt author for may years. With his experience he considers that the concept of sensu stricto isprobably better in accordance with the natyral law. 　　The viewpoints meioned above may be expounded in other paper. In this paper 4 new species are reported. One of which should belong to sectionphaeonema. They are: Ganoderma dauqingshanense, Ganoderma kunmingense, Ganoderma ramisussuimum and Ganoderma chenghaiense.

　　All the specimens cited above are deposited in the Mycological Herbarium of Institute of Microbiology Academia Sinica Beijing (HMAS)

关键词 松树, 安徽散斑壳, 白皮松散斑壳, 奇异散斑壳, 针叶树散斑壳, ?南方散斑 壳松针散斑壳, 乔松散斑壳

期刊 真菌学报 7(3):129-137, 1988 Publication Acta Mycologica Sinica (Chinese; English Abstract), 8(1):pp.25-34, 1989

分享省市 安徽省东至县 Place Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China 采集地 梅城林场红松树带有暗灰色至黑色病斑的老龄次生 针叶 Environment The mushroom collected on the rotten woods, it collected fron Xishan Scenic Spot.

生态环境 亚热带湿润季风气候针叶林区 寄主 红松的老龄次生针叶上 Habitat subtropical superland monsoon climate plant flora Host on the rotten woods

采集人 林英任等 Isolation Person Dai Fanglan 保存单位 安徽农学院林学系森保教研室, 合肥 230036 Preservation Unit Mycological Herbarium, Institute of Microbiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China

Note The fungi is a famous chinese medicinal herb, it used as a tonic, roborant, sedative, and stomachic. The spora poder modern used tratmenting cancer. 备注 该菌是引起红 松真菌性病害的病原菌。