市藜查看源代码讨论查看历史
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中文学名:市藜 拉丁学名:Chenopodium urbicum L. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 目:中央种子目 科:藜科 属:藜属 种:市藜 |
市藜（学名：Chenopodium urbicum L.），是双子叶植物纲藜科藜属植物，产于中国新疆北部。 [1]
市藜形态特征
一年生草本，高20-100厘米，全株无粉，幼叶及花序轴有时稍有棉毛。
茎直立，较粗壮，有条棱及色条，分枝或不分枝。叶片三角形，长3-8厘米，宽度与长度相等或较小，稍肥厚，先端急尖或渐尖，基部近截形或宽楔形，两面近同色，边缘具不整齐锯齿；叶柄长2-4厘米。
花两性兼有雄蕊不发育的雌花，少数团集并形成以腋生为主的直立穗状圆锥花序；花被裂片5，花药矩圆形，花丝稍短于花被。
胞果双凸镜形，果皮黑褐色。种子横生，直径约1毫米，红褐色至黑色，有光泽，表面具不清晰的点纹，边缘钝。
花期8-9月，果期10月 。
Herbs annual, 20-100 cm tall, not farinose (but young leaves and inflorescence rachis sometimes slightly tomentose). Stem erect, branched or unbranched, striate, ± stout, ribbed. Petiole 2-4 cm; leaf blade concolorous, triangular or rhombic-ovate, 3-8 cm (lower ones sometimes to 15 cm), narrower than or as wide as long, slightly succulent, base subtruncate or broadly cuneate, margin irregularly serrate, apex acute or acuminate. Glomerules few or many flowered, forming axillary or terminal, erect, spikelike panicles. Flowers bisexual and female. Perianth segments 3-5. Filaments slightly shorter than perianth; anthers oblong. Utricle lenticular; pericarp brown. Seed horizontal, oblique, or vertical, red-brown to black, sublustrous, 0.5-1 mm in diam., obscurely or obviously pitted, rim margin obtuse or acute. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.
Gobi desert, wastelands, saline-alkaline places, field margins. Hebei, Heilongjiang, N Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, N Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, N Xinjiang [N Africa, C and SW Asia, Europe; introduced in North America and some other regions].
1 Leaf blade triangular, 3-8 cm; glomerules few flowered, forming axillary, spikelike panicles; perianth segments 5; seed horizontal, ca. 1 mm in diam., obscurely pitted, rim margin obtuse. 10a subsp. urbicum 市藜(原亚种) + Leaf blade rhombic-ovate, lower ones to 15 cm; glomerules many flowered, forming mainly terminal, spikelike panicles; perianth segments 3-5; seed horizontal, oblique, or vertical, 0.5-0.7 mm in diam., obviously pitted, rim margin acute.
市藜分布范围
市藜主要价值
医药：【藏药】加萘：全草治皮疹《中国藏药》。
医药：全草：清热，利湿，杀虫。