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丛生黄耆 |
中文学名:丛生黄耆 拉丁学名:Astragalus confertus Benth. ex Bunge 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:蔷薇目 亚 目:蔷薇亚目 科:豆科 亚 科:蝶形花亚科 族:山羊豆族·黄耆亚族 属:黄耆属 亚 属:华黄耆亚属 组:多枝组 |
丛生黄耆(cóng shēng huáng qí,学名 Astragalus confertus Benth. ex Bunge)是豆科,黄耆属的植物。多年草本生,通常具单毛。茎发达,不明显。羽状复叶,托叶与叶柄离生,小叶全缘,总状花序式,稀花单生,苞片通常小,膜质;花瓣下部常渐狭成瓣柄。分布于印度、巴基斯坦以及中国大陆的四川、青海、西藏等地,一般生于沙坡、河边沙地、高山草甸、林缘草甸、河滩沙地和石坡,目前尚未由人工引种栽培。 [1]
丛生黄耆形态特征
多年生草本。根粗状,木质,直伸。茎多数丛生,高5-15厘米。
奇数羽状复叶,具11-19片小叶,长1.5-3厘米;托叶膜质,基部互相多少合生,披针形,长1-1.5毫米,下面散生白色柔毛;小叶卵形或长圆状卵形,长2-5毫米,宽1.5-2.5毫米,先端钝尖或微凹,基部宽楔形,两面被白色伏贴柔毛,具短柄。
总状花序生6-8花,密集呈头状;总花梗近顶生,通常较叶短,被白色或混有黑色伏贴柔毛;苞片膜质,披针形,长约1.5毫米;小苞片缺;花梗短,密被黑色柔毛;花萼钟状,长约3毫米,外面散生黑色或混有白色柔毛,萼齿披针形,长约1毫米;
花冠青紫色,旗瓣宽倒卵形,长约7毫米,先端微凹,基部渐狭成瓣柄,契瓣与旗瓣近等长或稍短,瓣片长圆形,具短耳,瓣柄长约3毫米,龙骨瓣较翼瓣稍短,瓣片半圆形,先端深蓝色,具短耳,瓣柄长约3毫米;子房线形,被伏贴短柔毛,具短柄。
荚果长圆形,稍弯曲,长5-8毫米,两端尖,被伏贴短柔毛,果颈较宿萼稍短,1室,有少数种子。花期7-8月,果期8-9月。 [2]
Astragalus confertus Benth. ex Bunge in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. VII. 15 (1): 27. 1869; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit Ind. 2: 123. 1876; Pet. -Stib. in Acta Hort. Gothob. 12: 33. 1937-1938; 中国主要植物图说·豆科379. 1955; Ali in Nasir et Ali, Fl. W. Pakist. 100: 160. 1977; 西藏植物志2: 838. 图877 (8-15). 1985.
Plants 2-10 cm tall, acaulescent to shortly caulescent, densely caespitose; hairs appressed to subappressed, in vegeta-tive parts mostly white, 0.2-0.4 mm, sometimes mixed with black hairs. Stems mostly numerous, very short or to up to 5 cm, sparsely to loosely hairy. Leaves 1-2.5 cm; stipules 3-4 mm, free from petiole or shortly adnate, but distinctly connate before petiole, high connate behind stem, sparsely to rather densely hairy; petiole 0.5-0.8 cm, like rachis slender, loosely to rather densely covered with subappressed to ascending hairs; leaflets in 5-9 pairs, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 1.2-3 × 0.5-1.2 mm, both surfaces loosely to rather densely covered with appressed to slightly ascending hairs 0.5-0.7 mm, apex sub-acute to obtuse. Racemes 1-7-flowered; peduncle 0.5-4 cm, loosely covered with appressed white hairs 0.2-0.3 mm, toward raceme increasingly black hairy; bracts ca. 2 mm. Calyx 4.5-5 mm, densely to rather densely covered with appressed, pre-dominantly black hairs 0.1-0.3 mm; teeth 1.5-2 mm. Petals violet; standard widely elliptic to suborbicular, 10-12 × 6.5-8 mm, apex emarginate; wings 8-10 mm; keel 9-11 mm. Leg-umes (unripe) pendulous, with a stipe ca. 3 mm, white hairy.
丛生黄耆生长环境
生长于海拔3,500米至5,300米的地区,一般生于沙坡、河边沙地、高山草甸、林缘草甸、河滩沙地和石坡。 [3]
丛生黄耆分布范围
分布于青海、四川、西藏西北部。印度、巴基斯坦亦有分布。 [4]