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乌竹 |
中文名:乌竹 界:植物界 门:被子植物门Angiospermae 纲:单子叶植物纲 Monocotyledoneae 目:禾本目Graminales 科:禾本科Gramineae 亚 科:竹亚科Bambusoideae 族:簕竹超族BAMBUSATAE 倭竹族SHIBATAEEAE 亚 族:刚竹亚族 属:刚竹属Phyllostachys 组:刚竹组Sect. Phyllostachys 拼 音:wuzhu 中文学名:Phyllostachys varioauriculata |
乌竹(wū zhú),学名:Phyllostachys varioauriculata S. C. Li et S. H Wu,异名:Phyllostachys hispida ,为禾本科刚竹属下的一个种。产安徽舒城,杭州植物园有栽培。模式标本采自安徽舒城。 [1]
乌竹形态特征
竿直立,高3-4米,粗1.1-3厘米,表面有不规则细纵沟;最长节间长30厘米,幼竿绿色带紫,微被白粉,有毛,粗糙,节下方白粉环明显,老竿绿色或灰绿色;
竿环隆起,高于箨环;节内长3毫米。箨鞘薄纸质,暗绿紫色,先端有乳白色或淡紫色放射状纵条纹,并有灰白色密集小刚毛和白粉,边缘生纤毛;
竿下部箨鞘的上端有稀疏至稍密的棕色小点;箨耳紫色,镰刀形或微弱,或仅在一侧发达,耳䍁与鞘口着生数条弯曲的䍁毛;箨舌截平或微呈拱形,暗紫色,先端不整齐;
边缘有紫色至白色纤毛呈流苏状;箨片直立,狭三角形至披针形,基部较宽,仅略窄于箨鞘顶部;绿紫色。末级小枝通常具2叶,宽0.9-1.5厘米;
叶耳微弱,鞘口有数条脱落性䍁毛;叶片线形或线状披针形,长5-11厘米,宽0.9-1.1厘米,下表面基部微被毛。笋期4月中旬。
Culms 3–4 m, 1–3 cm in diam.; internodes initially purple-green, becoming green or gray-green in age, ca. 30 cm, thinly white powdery, pilosulose, scabrous; nodal ridge raised, more prominent than sheath scar; intranode ca. 3 mm.
Culm sheaths dark green-purple, with milky-white or purplish stripes, at lower nodes distally scattered with small, brown spots, white powdery, distally densely strigose; auricles purple, falcate or small, often only one developed; oral setae flexuose; ligule dark purple, truncate or arcuate, erose, purple or white ciliate; blade purple-green, narrowly triangular to lanceolate, base slightly narrower than apex of sheath.
Leaves usually 2 per ultimate branch; auricles minute; oral setae deciduous; blade adaxially dark green, 5–11 × 0.9–1.5 cm, abaxially glaucous. Infloresence not known. New shoots Apr.
分类文献
Phyllostachys varioauriculata S. C. Li et S. H. Wu in Journ.Anhui Agr. Coll. 1981 (2):49. 1981.——P. hispida S. C. Li et al. in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 20 (4): 492,493. f. 1.1982.
乌竹分布范围
产安徽舒城,杭州植物园有栽培。模式标本采自安徽舒城。
乌竹主要价值
本种竿型不大,竿壁厚,篾性差,用途一般。