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| 云南崖爬藤 |
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中文学名:云南崖爬藤 拉丁学名:Tetrastigma yunnanense Gagnep 界:植物界 种:云南崖爬藤 花 期:4月 |
云南崖爬藤(yún nán yá pá téng，学名 Tetrastigma yunnanense Gagnep.，异名：Tetrastigma yunnanense var. pubipes )，草质或半木质藤本。小枝圆柱形，有纵棱纹，疏被柔毛，不久脱落几无毛。卷须4-9集生成伞形，相隔2节间断与叶对生。生溪边林中，产自云南、西藏。 [1]
云南崖爬藤形态特征
草质或半木质藤本。小枝圆柱形，有纵棱纹，疏被柔毛，不久脱落几无毛。卷须4-9集生成伞形，相隔2节间断与叶对生。生溪边林中，海拔1200-2500米。
叶为掌状5小叶，小叶倒卵椭圆形、菱状卵形、倒卵披针形或披针形，长2-10厘米，宽1-5厘米，顶端渐尖、急尖稀圆钝，基部楔形，边缘每侧有6-8个锯齿或牙齿，齿顶端细长并着生在粗齿缘者边缘呈波状，齿顶端急尖者边缘呈锯齿状，上面绿色，光滑无毛，下面浅绿色，无毛；
侧脉6-7对，网脉不明显；叶柄长3-9(11)厘米，无毛或疏被柔毛；托叶显著，卵圆形，褐色，宿存。花序为复伞形花序，假顶生或与叶相对着生于侧枝近顶端，稀腋生，长2-8厘米，比叶柄长、近等长或较叶柄短；
花梗长1.5-4毫米，无毛或疏被短柔毛；花蕾卵圆形或倒卵圆形，高2-3毫米，顶端圆形；萼浅碟形，边缘呈波状，外面无毛；花瓣4，卵圆形或卵椭圆形，高1.8-2.7毫米，顶端呈风帽状，无毛；
雄蕊4,花药卵圆形，长宽近相等，在雌花中不发达；花盘在雄花中发达，在雌花中较薄，与子房下部合生；子房锥形，花柱短，柱头扩大，4浅裂。
果实球形，直径0.8-1厘米，有种子1-2颗；种子椭圆形，顶端圆形，基部有短喙，背面微凹，种脐在种子中部呈椭圆形，上部略狭，中棱脊突出，腹侧扁，中棱脊突出，两侧洼穴网纹状，主沟不明显。 花期4月，果期10-11月。 [2]
Tetrastigma yunnanense Gagnep. in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1: 270. 1910; W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17 (3): 93. 1979 in clavi; 中国高等植物图鉴补编 2: 364. 1983; 云南种子植物名录上册 803. 1984.——T. yunnanense Gagnep. var. pubipes W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17 (3) : 84 et 93. 1979.
英文介绍
Lianas, semiwoody. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges; tendrils digitately 4-9-branched. Leaves palmately 5-foliolate; stipules conspicuous, brown, oval, persistent; petiole 3-9(-11) cm; leaflets obovate-elliptic, rhombic-ovate, lanceolate, or obovate-lanceolate, 2-10 × 1-5 cm, lateral veins 6 or 7 pairs, veinlets inconspicuous, base cuneate, margin undulate and 6-8-toothed on each side, apex acuminate, or acute, rarely rounded. Compound umbel pseudoterminal, or leaf-opposed, rarely axillary, 2-8 cm. Pedicel 1.5-4 mm. Buds oval or obovoid, 2-3 mm, apex rounded. Calyx shallow and saucer-shaped, margin undulate. Petals oval or ovate-elliptic, 1.8-2.7 mm, apex rounded. Stamens with oval anthers, undeveloped in female flowers. Disk conspicuous in male flowers, thin in female flowers. Ovary coniform, lower part adnate to disk; style short; stigma expanded, 4-lobed. Berry spheroid, 8-10 mm in diam., 1- or 2-seeded. Seeds elliptic, flat, base rostrate, apex rounded. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Sep-Nov.
● Forests by rivers, shrublands on hillsides; 1200-2600 m. Xizang, Yunnan.
Tetrastigma yunnanense var. glabrum W. T. Wang (Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 6(4): 23. 1986), described from Yunnan, could not be treated here because no material was seen by the authors.
云南崖爬藤生长环境
生长于溪边林中。