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| 囊萼黄耆 |
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中文学名:囊萼黄耆 拉丁学名:Astragalus cysticalyx Ledeb. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 目:豆目 科:豆科 属:黄芪属 种:囊萼黄耆 |
囊萼黄耆（学名：Astragalus cysticalyx Ledeb.）为豆科黄芪属的植物。分布于哈萨克斯坦以及中国大陆的新疆等地，生长于海拔1,300米的地区，见于干旱山坡。 [1]
囊萼黄耆形态特征
灌木，高达60厘米。老枝灰褐色，幼枝散生白色伏贴毛。
羽状复叶有9-11片小叶，长7-9厘米，无柄或具极短的柄；托叶长圆状披针形，长7-9毫米，渐尖，密被白色伏贴毛和黑色毛；小叶长圆状椭圆形，长13-25毫米，先端渐尖或钝圆，具短尖头，上面无毛或具散生白色伏贴毛，下面毛较密。
总状花序卵圆形，花序轴长4-6厘米，具多数花；总花梗上部腋生，较粗壮，较叶长1.5-2倍；苞片线形，长7-9毫米，被黑、白色开展的长毛；
花萼初期管状，长约12毫米，后膨大成球状卵形，被白、黑色伏贴毛，萼齿线状钻形，长为萼筒的1/2或1/3，被较多开展的黑色毛；
花冠黄色，旗瓣长19-20毫米，瓣片倒卵状长圆形，先端微凹，长为瓣柄的一半，龙骨瓣长15-16毫米，瓣片长圆形，长为瓣柄的1/2；子房被白色绵毛。
荚果长圆形，长约10毫米，密被开展的白毛。花期6-7月，果期7-8月。 [2]
Astragalus cysticalyx Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 1: 643. 1842; Bunge in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. VII. 15 (1): 234. 1869; Boriss. in Kom. Fl. USSR 12: 834. 1946; A. N. Vass. in Pavl. Φπ. Казахст. 5: 317. 1961; S. B. Ho in Bull. Bot. Res. 3 (4): 57. 1983.——A. physocalyx Kar. et Kir. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou 14: 409. 1841. non Fisch. 1837.
Astragalus physocalyx Karelin & Kirilov (1841), not Fischer (1837).
Plants subshrubby, up to 60 cm tall, vegetative parts sparsely covered with ± medifixed, appressed, white hairs 0.5-1 mm. Stems branched, old parts ligneous; stems of current year 7-17 cm, sparsely hairy. Leaves 6-9 cm, subsessile; stipules 5-9 mm, adnate to petiole for 1-2 mm, sparsely covered with appressed, mostly white hairs; rachis sparsely appressed hairy; leaflets in 4 or 5 pairs, 13-35 × 4-8 mm, covered with scattered hairs abaxially, glabrous adaxially. Racemes ovoid, (3.5-)4-6 × ca. 3.5 cm, densely many flowered; peduncle 8-15(-22) cm, with scattered appressed hairs; bracts 5-9 mm, with spreading black hairs. Calyx at anthesis tubular, ca. 12 mm, later enlarged, spherical-ovoid, 13-14 mm, villous, rather densely covered with ± spreading, basifixed, white hairs 1-1.5 mm and toward teeth increasingly covered with distinctly shorter, ± appressed, subbasifixed to strongly asymmetrically bifurcate, black hairs; teeth 4-5 mm. Petals dingy yellow; standard narrowly obovate, 18-20 × 5-6 mm, apex slightly emarginate; wings 19-20 mm; keel 14-17 mm. Legumes included in persistent calyx, sessile, oblong, ca. 10 mm, densely villous with ± spreading white hairs.
囊萼黄耆生长环境
生长于海拔1300米的干旱山坡。[3]
囊萼黄耆分布范围
分布于新疆北部（塔城一带）哈萨克斯坦境内的准噶尔阿尔泰地区也有分布。 [4]
囊萼黄耆相关的种
与“囊萼黄耆 Astragalus cysticalyx Ledeb.”相关的种有：
树黄耆Astragalus dendroides Kar. & Kir.
白枝黄耆Astragalus leucocladus Bunge
富蕴黄耆Astragalus majevskianus Krylov
细果黄耆Astragalus tyttocarpus Gontsch.
中亚黄耆Astragalus woldemari Juz.
黑枝黄耆（变种）Astragalus woldemari Juz. var. atrotrichocladus S. B. Ho
中亚黄耆（原变种）Astragalus woldemari Juz. var. woldemari