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土库曼大戟 |
中文名:土库曼大戟 拉丁学名:Euphorbia granula Forssk. 界:植物界 目:金虎尾目 科:大戟科 属:大戟属 |
土库曼大戟(tǔ kù màn dà jǐ),学名:Euphorbia granulata Forsskal,异名:Euphorbia granula Euphorbia turcomanica ,为大戟科、大戟属下的一种一年生矮小草本, 花果期6-9月。 [1]
土库曼大戟形态特征
根纤细,长10 12厘米,直径o.5 3毫米,常不分枝,少于末端分枝。茎基部木质化且极多分枝,斜倚向上或匍匐,高6 13厘米,直径2 3毫米;节与节问明显,无毛或被少许柔毛。
叶对生,近椭圆形,长3—6毫米,宽2—4毫米,先端圆,基部极偏斜,外侧呈耳状,两面被柔毛或近无毛,·全缘或仅顶部具稀疏的齿;叶柄极短;托叶钻状。
花序单生于叶腋。近无柄或具短柄;总苞陀螺状,高约1.5毫米,直径1·5~2毫米,被白色柔毛,边缘5裂,裂片极小,近平截;腺体4,具白色附属物,且不等大;
近轴面窄,略宽于腺体,远轴面为腺体宽的2—4倍,边缘不规则,内凹或浅波状。雄花数枚,常不伸出总苞外;雌花柄较长,伸出总苞外;子房微被柔毛或近无毛;花柱极短;柱头两裂。
蒴果三棱状,长约1.5毫米,直径1—1.5毫米,被柔毛或少许疏柔毛;成熟时分裂为3个分果爿。种子四棱状柱形,长约1.5毫米,直径约1毫米,腹面具皱纹,灰色,无种阜。
Euphorbia turcomanica Boissier.Herbs, ephemeral, 6-13 cm tall; indumentum with very short stiff erect hairs. Root fibrous, 0.5-3 mm thick. Stems usually unbranched, occasionally branched at end, usually woody at base, many from base, ascending or prostrate, 2-3 mm thick, internodes conspicuous, glabrous or pilose. Leaves opposite; stipules persistent; petiole extremely short; leaf blade subelliptic, 3-6 × 2-4 mm, glabrous on both surfaces or subglabrous, base extremely obliquely auriculate, margin entire or serrulate, apex rounded.
Cyathia single, axillary, peduncle almost absent; involucre turbinate, ca. 1.5 × 1.5-2 mm, white pilose, marginal lobes 5, very small, subtruncate; glands 4, appendages white and unequal, narrow adaxially, but wider than glands abaxially, ca. 2-4 × as wide as gland, irregular, concave or repand.
Male flowers many, usually not exserted. Female flower: pedicel long, exserted from involucre; ovary pilose or not; styles very short; stigma ± 2-lobed. Capsule 3-angular, ca. 1.5 × 1-1.5 mm, smooth, sometimes pilose. Seeds tetragonal, ca. 1.5 × 1 mm, gray, adaxially grooved; caruncle absent. Fl. and fr. Jun-Sep.
土库曼大戟生长环境
生于海拔约500米沙质坡地。
土库曼大戟分布范围
产于中国新疆(奎屯至精河)。分布于中亚、西亚、北非。