异叶蒴莲查看源代码讨论查看历史
| 异叶蒴莲 |
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中文学名:异叶蒴莲 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:侧膜胎座目 亚 目:山茶亚目 科:西番莲科 属:蒴莲属 |
异叶蒴莲(yì yè shuò lián)，拉丁文名：Adenia heterophylla (Bl.) Koord. 西番莲科、蒴莲属草质藤本，茎圆柱形，光滑，具条纹。基部宽截形或宽心形，中间裂片宽披针形，全缘，无毛，两侧裂片镰刀形，略短于中间裂片；叶柄长约2厘米，被微毛，无毛。蒴果下垂或弯曲，具长梗，倒卵球形，猩红色，室背开裂，外果皮革质，内面带白色；种子多数，扁平、近圆形，假种皮边缘膜质并具不规则锯齿。 图片均取自中国植物图库 [1]
异叶蒴莲形态特征
异叶蒴莲 草质藤本，长约40厘米；茎圆柱形，光滑，具条纹。
叶长约11厘米，宽约10厘米，基部宽截形或宽心形，掌状3裂，中间裂片宽披针形，长约10厘米，宽约2.2厘米，全缘，无毛，两侧裂片镰刀形，略短于中间裂片；叶柄长约2厘米，被微毛，顶端与叶背基部之间具2个圆而扁平的腺体。
聚伞花序有1-2花；花梗长3-6厘米，无毛。蒴果下垂或弯曲，具长梗，倒卵球形，长约6厘米，直径约4.5厘米，猩红色，4-5室，室背开裂，外果皮革质，内面带白色；
种子多数，扁平、近圆形，假种皮边缘膜质并具不规则锯齿。 [2]
Adenia heterophylla (Bl.) Koord. in Exk. Fl. Java 2: 637. 1912; Wilde Thesis 216. 1971; S. Y. Bao in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22 (1): 63. 1984.
Modecca heterophylla Blume, Bijdr. 940. 1826; Adenia chevalieri Gagnepain; A. maclurei Merrill; A. parviflora (Blanco) Cusset; A. populifolia K. Schumann & Lauterbach (1900), not Engler (1891); Modecca formosana Hayata; Passiflora parviflora Blanco.
Canopy lianas, to 30 m long. Roots fleshy, thickened. Stems terete, to 5 cm in diam.; internodes 2-20 cm; tendrils (3-forked or) simple, to 25 cm. Stipules flattened-triangular, ca. 1 mm; petiole 1-10 cm, glands at blade-petiole junction 2, on concave 2-4 mm in diam. auriculate extensions at apex of petiole in mature leaves, 1-3 mm in diam.; leaf blade ovate to lanceolate, membranous to leathery, glands often present, dotlike, base of mature leaf oblong, unlobed or (2 or)3-lobed with distal 1/3 of leaf often slightly constricted from slight lobation, margin entire to serrate, apex acute to acuminate. Plants (monoecious or) dioecious. Inflorescences often with tendril emerging from center, peduncle to 20 cm, to 40-flowered in males, 2-4-flowered in females; bracts and bracteoles narrowly triangular, ca. 1 mm, apex acute. Pedicel 0.5-13 mm. Flowers tubiform-urceolate, 15-25 × 2-5 mm, including stipe 1-15 mm. Hypanthium urceolate to cupuliform, wall fleshy-leathery, ca. 0.5 mm thick, 3-6 mm deep. Calyx tube 2-3 mm; lobes reflexed, triangular, 1-3 mm, rounded to acute, entire. Petals oblanceolate to triangular, 2-4 × 0.5-1 mm, red punctate, base hastate, apex entire to undulate, rounded to acute. Septa 0.25-3 mm high. Corona absent. Disk glands linear, to 3 mm high, truncate. Male flowers: filaments 1-4 mm, connate up to 2 mm, inserted at base of hypanthium; anthers ca. 3 × 1 mm, acute, up to 0.5 mm apiculate; vestigial ovary ca. 1 mm, gynophore to 1 mm. Female flowers: staminodes 1-3 mm, connate to 1 mm, inserted at base of hypanthium; ovary subglobose to oblong, ca. 4 × 2.5 mm; gynophore ca. 3 mm; style arms ca. 1 mm, free or connate for ca. 0.5 mm; stigmas globose, papillate. Capsules 1-3 per inflorescence, outside deep red at dehiscence, ellipsoid, fruit body to 13 cm, with gynophore to 3 cm, fruit wall leathery. Seeds to 60 per capsule, orbicular; funicles of seeds 5-15 mm. Fl. and fr. throughout year, primarily during wet periods.
异叶蒴莲生长环境
生长于海拔240米的林边潮湿地。