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中文学名:树黄耆 拉丁学名:Astragalus dendroides Kar. et Kir. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 目:豆目 科:豆科 属:黄芪属 种:树黄耆 |
树黄耆（shù huáng qí，学名：Astragalus dendroides Kar. et Kir.）为豆科黄芪属的植物。分布在中亚、哈萨克斯坦以及中国大陆的新疆等地，生长于海拔1,100米的地区，多生长于山地阳处草地中。 [1]
树黄耆形态特征
灌木，高达1米，树皮灰褐色。幼枝密被白、黑色伏贴毛。羽状复叶有9-15片小叶，长3-7厘米，被白色伏贴毛，有短柄；托叶披针形，长5-7毫米，下部与叶柄贴生，有毛；
小叶倒卵圆形或椭圆形，长8-17（25）毫米，先端钝圆，具短芒尖，两面疏被伏贴毛或上面近无毛 。
总状花序塔形，花密接排列；总花梗长3-14厘米，被黑、白色伏贴毛；苞片线状钻形，被黑色毛；花萼初期管状，后膨大成卵圆形，喉部收缩，长10-13毫米，被白、黑色毛，萼齿线状钻形，长2-2.5毫米；
花冠淡蓝紫色（干后变暗黄色），旗瓣长17-25毫米，瓣片长圆形，先端微凹，中部缢缩，下部宽楔形，瓣柄不明显，翼瓣长15-20毫米，瓣片宽线状长圆形，瓣柄较瓣片长，龙骨瓣长14-16毫米，瓣片近倒卵形，先端微尖，长约为瓣柄的1/2。
荚果长圆形，长9-11毫米，革质，两侧扁平，假2室，被黑色短毛和白色密的长绵毛。花期6-7月，果期7-8月。 [2]
Plants subshrubby, up to 100 cm tall, covered with mostly appressed and ± medifixed hairs 0.5-1(-1.2) mm. Stems in parts of current year densely to rather densely covered with appressed white hairs, at nodes sometimes also with some black hairs. Leaves 3-9 cm; stipules 5-8(-10) mm, adnate to petiole for 2-3 mm, loosely to rather densely white and black hairy; petiole 0.4-1.2 cm, like rachis loosely white hairy; leaflets in 4 or 5(or 6) pairs, (5-)10-20 × (3-)4-11 mm, abaxially loosely to rather densely hairy, adaxially glabrous or sparsely hairy, rarely loosely appressed hairy. Racemes shortly cylindric, 3-7 cm, densely many flowered; peduncle 3-14 cm, loosely covered with white hairs, toward raceme increasingly black hairy; bracts 4-7(-8) mm, with mostly subbasifixed to basifixed black and sometimes a few white hairs. Calyx 10-13 mm, during anthesis becoming inflated ovoid, at least up to 15 mm and up to 7 mm in diam., loosely to rather densely covered with subbasifixed to basifixed, nearly straight, ascending, white hairs up to 1.8 mm and with much shorter, symmetrically or asymmetrically bifur-cate, flexuous, subappressed, black hairs; teeth 2-2.5 mm. Pet-als greenish yellow; standard oblong, 17-25 × ca. 6 mm, slightly constricted in lower part, apex slightly emarginate; wings 16-18 mm; keel 13-15 mm. Legumes sessile, included in calyx, 9-11 mm, ca. 4 mm high and ca. 2.5 mm wide, with a beak up to 2 mm, 2-locular; valves densely covered with as-cending to spreading, basifixed, white hairs up to 2 mm and sit-ting on indistinct tubercles and with some strongly asymmetri-cally bifurcate, spreading, partly very short, black hairs.
Steppes. Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan].
树黄耆生长环境
生长于海拔1100米的山地阳处草地中。
树黄耆分布范围
产于新疆（霍城）。哈萨克斯坦及中亚都有分布。模式标本采自准噶尔阿拉套。 [3]
树黄耆参考文献
树黄耆（植物研究） 图版89: 1-6 Astragalus dendroides Kar. et Kir. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou 15: 339. 1842; Bunge in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. VII. 15 (1): 233. 1869; Boriss. in Kom. Fl. USSR 12: 838. t. 49 (3) 1946; A. N. Vass. in Pavl. Φπ. Казахст. 5: 319. t. 40 (5). 1961; S. B. Ho in Bull. Bot. Res. 3 (4): 56. 1983; 中国沙漠植物志 2: 290. 1987.——A. komarovii Lipsky in Acta Hort. Petrop. 26: 186. 1907, pro parte.