核果木檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
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中文學名:核果木 拉丁學名:Drypetes indica (Muell. Arg.) Pax et Hoffm. 別 稱:南仁鐵色 瓊中核果木 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 科:大戟科 屬:核果木屬 |
核果木(hé guǒ mù，學名 Drypetes indica (Muell. Arg.) Pax et Hoffm.，異名：Drypetes hieranensis Drypetes longipes Drypetes karapinensis Cyclostemon karapinense Drypetes nienkui Cyclostemon indicus Drypetes karapinensis var. hieranensis Drypetes griffithii Drypetes lancifolia Cyclostemon lancifolius Cyclostemon karapinensis Cyclostemon griffithii Cyclostemon hieranensis
)为大戟科乔木，高达15米；枝条伸长，小枝密被皮孔；除萼片外面、子房和果被柔毛外，全株均无毛。产于中国台湾、广东、海南、广西、贵州、云南。
核果木形態特徵
葉片革質或厚紙質，橢圓狀長圓形、卵狀長圓形、長圓狀披針形或披針形，長8-15厘米，寬3-6厘米，頂端尾狀漸尖，尖頭鈍，基部楔形至鈍，兩側常不相等，全緣；側脈每邊6-8條，網脈密而明顯；
葉柄長3-10毫米，干後常有橫皺紋。雌雄異株，稀同株，總狀花序腋生或頂生；雄花：花梗長2-5毫米；萼片4，長約2毫米；花盤圓盤狀，邊緣稍隆起，淺裂；雄蕊4-8，着生於花盤淺裂凹缺處，花絲圓柱形，花葯橢圓形至近圓形；
雌花：花梗長達2厘米；萼片與雄花的相同；子房圓球形，2-3室，花柱2，伸長，柱頭盾狀，頂端全緣。
蒴果單生或數個組成總狀呈圓球形，直徑12-18毫米，頂端稍壓，2-3室，每室具1個種子，外果皮干時近革質，內果皮紙質；果梗長2.5-4厘米。
花果期11月-翌年2月。 [2]
Drypetes indica (Muell. Arg.) Pax et Hoffm. in Engl. Pflanzenr. 81 (IV. 147. XV): 278. 1921: Airy Shaw in Kew Bull. 26(2): 255. 1972; P. T. Li in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 26: 59. 1988. ——Cyclostemon indicus Muell. Arg. in Linnaea 32: 81. 1863, et in DC. Prodr. 15 (2): 481. 1866; Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 340. 1887.——C. karapinensis Hayata, Icon. Formos. 5: 198. 1915. ——C. hieranensis Hayata, l. c. 6: 42. 1916. ——Drypetes karapinensis (Hayata) Pax et Hoffm. in Engl. Pflanzenr. 81(IV. 147. XV): 248. 1921; H. Keng in Taiwania 6: 41. 1955: Li, Fl. Woody Taiwan 422. 1963: Hsieh in Li, Fl. Taiwan 3: 458. 1977. ——D. hieranensis (Hayata) Pax et Hoffm. in l. c. ; Hsieh in l. c. 458, Pl. 686. ——D. nienhui Merr. et Chun in Sunyatsenia 2: 258. 1935: 海南植物志2: 140. 1965. ——D, karapinensis (Hayata) Pax et Hoffm. var. hieranensis (Hayata) Hurusawa in Journ. Fac. Sci. Tokyo Bot. III, 6 (6): 334. 1954. ——D. longipes X. H. Song in Journ. Nanjing Inst. For. 1: 74, fig. 1. 1986.
Trees to 15 m tall, rarely monoecious, glabrous except for pubescent sepals, ovary, and fruits; branchlets densely lenticellate. Petiole 3-10 mm, usually transversely rugose when dry; leaf blade elliptic-oblong, ovate-oblong, oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate, 8-15 × 3-6 cm, leathery or thickly papery, base cuneate to rounded, usually oblique, margin entire, apex caudate-acuminate; lateral veins 6-8 pairs, reticulate veins dense and prominent. Inflorescences on slender, leafy, axillary shoots. Male flowers: pedicels 2-10 mm; sepals 4, ca. 2 mm; disk rounded-discoid, entire or margin slightly elevated and shallowly divided; stamens 4-8, inserted at sinus of disk; filaments terete. Female flowers: ovary globose, 2- or 3-celled; styles 2 or 3, elongate; stigma peltate or flabellate, entire. Fruiting pedicels 2.5-4 cm; drupes solitary, globose, 12-22 mm in diam., 2- or 3-celled, 1-seeded; exocarp subleathery-dry; endocarp papery. Fl. and fr. Nov-Feb.
核果木生長環境
核果木生於海拔400-1600米山地林中。
核果木分布範圍
產於中國台灣、廣東、海南、廣西、貴州、雲南，分布於印度、錫金、緬甸、泰國等。模式標本采自印度東北部卡西亞。