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格尔木黄耆 |
中文学名:格尔木黄耆 拉丁学名:Astragalus golmuensis Y. C. Ho in Bull. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:蔷薇目 亚 目:蔷薇亚目 科:豆科 亚 科:蝶形花亚科 族:山羊豆族黄耆亚族 属:黄耆属 亚 属:黄耆亚属 组:疏花组 |
格尔木黄耆(gé ěr mù huáng qí,学名:Astragalus golmuensis Y. C. Ho in Bull.)为豆科黄芪属的植物,是中国的特有植物。分布在中国大陆的青海等地,生长于海拔4,100米至4,500米的地区,多生于山地。 [1]
格尔木黄耆形态特征
植株 多年生草本,根直伸,颈部常分叉。
茎 茎直立或上升,高25-35厘米。被稍开展的白色短柔毛,上部并混生黑色柔毛。
叶 羽状复叶有11-19片小叶,长3.5-6厘米;叶柄长0.5-2厘米;托叶离生或仅基部连合,宽三角状卵形,长3-4毫米,下面疏被白色柔毛或混生黑色毛;小叶卵形或长卵形,长6-12毫米,宽3-5毫米,先端钝圆或微凹,基部圆形,具短柄,两面均被白色短伏贴柔毛。
格尔木黄耆花果
总状花序生10-20花,呈头状,花序轴长1.5-2.5厘米;总花梗比叶长近1倍;苞片披针形,白色,膜质,长3-4毫米,无毛或下面近上部散生黑色短柔毛;花梗极短,连同花序轴密被黑色短柔毛;花萼钟状,长约4毫米,被黑色短伏贴柔毛,萼齿披针形,长约1.5毫米。
花冠紫红色,旗瓣长圆状倒卵形,长9-10毫米,先端微凹,基部渐狭成瓣柄,翼瓣长8-9毫米,瓣片宽卵形,先端钝,宽达3毫米,基部具短耳,瓣柄长约2毫米,龙骨瓣明显比翼瓣短,长5-6毫米,瓣片半卵形,先端深紫色,瓣柄长约1.5毫米;子房卵形,无毛,近无柄。
花期6月,未见成熟果实。 [2]
Astragalus golmunensis var. paucipilus Y. H. Wu.
Plants 25-40 cm tall, covered with mostly spreading hairs 0.1-0.3 mm. Stems ascending to erect, sparsely to loosely white hairy, below nodes also black hairy. Leaves 3.5-6 cm; stipules 4-5 mm, lower ones distinctly to high connate behind stem, upper ones amplexicaul but free from each other, all mostly white ciliate; petiole short, like rachis loosely predominantly white hairy; leaflets of lower leaves in 4-6 pairs, mostly flat, elliptic, 4-8 × 2-4.5 mm, apex rounded to slightly emarginate, those of upper leaves in 6-9 pairs, narrowly elliptic, 8-12 × 3-4 mm, mostly folded, apex obtuse, all abaxially loosely to rather densely and adaxially loosely covered with appressed to sub-appressed white hairs. Racemes ovoid to oblong, many flow-ered; peduncle 8-10 cm, loosely to rather densely covered in basal part with predominantly white and in upper part with pre-dominantly black hairs; bracts 3-3.5 mm, sparsely black hairy. Calyx ca. 4 mm, loosely to rather densely covered with subap-pressed to ascending black hairs; teeth unequal, 1-1.5 mm. Pet-als violet; standard ovate, 8-9 × ca. 5 mm; wings ca. 7 mm; keel ca. 5 mm. Ovary with a stipe ca. 1 mm, glabrous. Legumes unknown.
格尔木黄耆生长环境
生长于海拔4100-4500米的山地。[3]