歐瑞香檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
歐瑞香 |
中文名:歐瑞香 拉丁學名:Thymelaea passerina (Linn.) Cosson et Germ. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:薔薇亞綱 目:桃金娘目 科:瑞香科 屬:歐瑞香屬 種:歐瑞香 分布區域:新疆西部至中部 海 拔:400-1000 |
歐瑞香(ōu ruì xiāng),學名 Thymelaea passerina (L.) Cosson et Germ.,異名:Thymelaea arvensis Stellera annua Stellera passerina Ligia passerina Passerina annua ,是一種瑞香科、歐瑞香屬類生物。直立一年生草木,高(10—)40—70厘米;主根少分枝,黃褐色。分布於新疆西部至中部(霍城、伊寧、庫車、吉木薩爾、奇台等縣) 。 [1]
歐瑞香形態特徵
直立一年生草木,高(10—)40—70厘米;主根少分枝,黃褐色;莖不分枝或少分枝,綠色,圓柱形,下部稍木質,上部纖細,無毛或散生很少的柔毛。
葉散生(互生),草質,線狀披針形或狹披針形,長6—20毫米,寬1—2.5毫米,頂端漸尖,邊緣全緣,不反卷,兩面綠色,中脈稍明顯,在下面微被柔毛,幾無葉柄或葉柄極短。
花淡黃綠色,兩性,1—5花簇生葉腋;苞片2,披針形,長2—3毫米,葉狀,綠色,先端漸尖,邊緣下部散生白色纖毛;花梗極短,被柔毛;花萼筒長2—3毫米,被緊貼的淡白色柔毛;
基部被白色長纖毛,裂片卵形,長0.5—1毫米,頂端鈍形;雄蕊8,2輪,緊貼於花萼筒的中部以上,不伸出喉部,花絲極短,花葯長圓形,長0.4毫米;無花盤或退化;
子房卵形,1室1胚珠,頂端被短的粗毛,花柱頂生,常偏向一側,較短,柱頭頭狀,微具乳突。果實卵形,不開裂,綠色,長2—3毫米,外果皮膜質,包藏於宿存的花萼筒內。 花期5—8月,果期7—10月。
Stellera passerina Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 559. 1753; Ligia passerina (Linnaeus) Fasano; Passerina annua Wikström; S. annua Salisbury; Thymelaea arvensis Lamarck.
Herbs annual, erect, (10-)40-70 cm tall. Primary root rarely branched, yellow-brown. Stem usually single, erect, branched from above base, green, terete, slender, base slightly woody, glabrous or rarely puberulous. Leaves alternate; petiole very short to nearly absent; leaf blade green on both surfaces, linear-lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, 0.5-2 × 0.1-0.25 cm, herbaceous, abaxially puberulous, margin not revolute, apex acuminate; midrib inconspicuous, lateral veins obscure.
Inflorescence an axillary cluster of 1-5 flowers; bracts 2, leaflike, green, lanceolate, 2-3 mm, margin proximally sparsely whit e ciliate, apex acuminate, pubescent. Pedicel short, pubescent. Calyx yellowish green; tube 2-3 mm, exterior whitish pubescent, long white ciliate at base; lobes 4, ovate, 0.5-1 mm, apex obuse. Stamens 8, both whorls inserted above middle of calyx tube; filaments very short; anthers oblong, ca. 0.4 mm, included within calyx tube.
Disk absent or reduced. Ovary ovoid, with short, thick hairs at apex; style terminal; stigma capitate, slightly papillate. Drupe green, ovoid, 2-3 mm, indehiscent; enclosed in persistent calyx; epicarp membranous. Fl. May-Aug, fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 18.
分類文獻
Thymelaea passerina (Linn.) Cosson et Germ. Syn. Fl. Env. Paris ed. 2, 360. 1859, et Fl. Env. Paris ed. 2, 586. 1861; K. Tan in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 38(2): 236. 1980. ——Stellera passerina Linn. Sp. Pl. 559. 1753.——S. annua Salisb. Prodr., 282. 1796. ——Thymelaea arvensis Lam. Fl. France 3: 218. 1778. ——Ligia passerina (Linn.) Fasano in Atti Accad. Napol. 245. 1788.
歐瑞香分布範圍生境
分布於新疆西部至中部(霍城、伊寧、庫車、吉木薩爾、奇台等縣) 。
生於海拔4001000米的農田附近、牧場、鹽鹼地的山坡、乾涸河床。廣布於歐洲中部和南部、亞洲西南部至中亞地區。種子繁殖,已引種到大洋洲和北美洲。