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灰叶黄耆 |
中文名:灰叶黄耆 门:被子植物门 Angiospermae 纲:双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 Archichlamydeae 目:蔷薇目 Rosales 亚 目:蔷薇亚目 Rosineae 科:豆科 Leguminosae 亚 科:蝶形花亚科 Papilionoideae 族:山羊豆族 TRIB. Galegeae 亚 族:黄耆亚族 SUBTRIB. Astragalinae 属:黄耆属 Astragalus 亚 属:裂萼亚属 Subgen. Cercidothrix 组:旱生组 Sect. Craccina |
灰叶黄耆(huī yè huáng qí,学名:Astragalus discolor Bunge ex Maxim.)为豆科黄芪属的植物,为中国的特有植物。分布在蒙古以及中国大陆的陕西、河北、内蒙古、山西、宁夏等地,生长于海拔2,200米的地区,一般生于荒漠草原地带砂质土上。 [1]
灰叶黄耆形态特征
多年生草本,高30-50厘米,全株灰绿色。根直伸,木质化,颈部增粗,数茎生出。
羽状复叶有9-25片小叶;叶柄较叶轴短;托叶三角形,先端尖,离生;小叶椭圆形或狭椭圆形,长4-13毫米,宽1-4毫米,先端钝或微凹,基部宽楔形,上面疏被白色伏贴毛或近无毛,下面较密,灰绿色。
总状花序较叶长;苞片小,卵圆形,较花梗稍长;花萼管状钟形,长4-5毫米,被白色或黑色伏贴毛,萼齿三角形,长不及1毫米;花冠蓝紫色,旗瓣匙形,长12-14毫米,先端微缺,基部渐狭成不明显的瓣柄,翼瓣较旗瓣稍短,瓣片狭长圆形,瓣柄较瓣片短,龙骨瓣较翼瓣短,瓣片半圆形,瓣柄较瓣片短;子房有柄,被伏贴毛。
荚果扁平,线状长圆形,长17-30毫米,基部有露出花萼的长果颈,被黑白色混生的伏贴毛。 花期7-8月,果期8-9月。 [2]
Astragalus discolor Bunge ex Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 24: 33. 1878; Pet. -Stib. in Acta Hort. Gothob. 12: 61. 1938; 古植物植物志 3: 209. 图版106 (9-16). 1977; S. B. Ho in Bull. Bot. Res. 3 (1): 40. 1983; 中国沙漠植物志 2: 274. 图版96 (15-19). 1987.——A. ulaschanensis Franch. in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris II. 5: 239. 1883.——A. biondianus Ulbr. in Bot. Jahrb. 36 (Beibl. 82): 62. 1903.
Astragalus biondianus Ulbrich; A. ulachanensis Franchet.
Plants 30-40 cm tall; hairs medifixed, appressed, in vege-tative parts only white. Stems several, ascending or erect, 15-25 cm, sparsely to densely covered with hairs 0.2-0.3 mm. Leaves 3-5 cm, subsessile; stipules 1-2 mm, lower ones shortly vagi-nate-connate, upper ones only semiamplexicaul, all sparsely hairy; rachis densely hairy like stem; leaflets in 6-11 pairs, nar-rowly elliptic, 2-7(-10) × 1-2.5(-4) mm, abaxially sparsely to rather densely and adaxially sparsely to loosely covered with appressed hairs 0.4-0.5 mm, or adaxially glabrous, apex obtuse to rounded or slightly emarginate. Racemes loosely 10-22-flowered; peduncle 4-6 cm, erect, loosely white hairy; bracts 0.6-1 mm, mostly white hairy. Calyx 4-5 mm, rather densely covered with appressed white hairs 0.2-0.4 mm and with mostly distinctly shorter black hairs; teeth 0.1-0.8 mm. Petals white or pale blue; standard rhombic-elliptic to elliptic, 10-15 × 4.5-6 mm, apex emarginate; wings 10-14 mm, limbs obliquely incised; keel 8-11 mm. Legumes (unripe) with a stipe 3-5 mm, 12-15 mm, 2-2.5 mm high and wide, with a short beak, loosely to densely covered with very short, appressed, white or black or black and white hairs (in one plant).
● Semideserts, steppes; 1000-1500 m. Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ning-xia, Shaanxi, Shanxi.
灰叶黄耆生长环境
生长于荒漠草原地带砂质土上。[3]
灰叶黄耆分布范围
蒙古也有分布。
灰叶黄耆系统位置
被子植物门 Angiospermae
双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae
原始花被亚纲 Archichlamydeae
蔷薇目 Rosales
蔷薇亚目 Rosineae
豆科 Leguminosae
蝶形花亚科 Papilionoideae
山羊豆族 TRIB. Galegeae
黄耆亚族 SUBTRIB. Astragalinae
黄耆属 Astragalus
裂萼亚属 Subgen. Cercidothrix
旱生组 Sect. Craccina