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疆南星

原图链接 来自植物智

中文名:疆南星 拉丁学名:Arum korolkowii Regel. 门:被子植物门 纲:单子叶植物纲 亚 纲:泽泻亚纲 目:泽泻目 科:天南星科 族:天南星族 属:疆南星属 种:疆南星 分布区域:产新疆南部，伊朗、 苏联中亚地区也有。

疆南星(jiāng nán xīng，学名 Arum jacquemontii Blume，异名：Arum korolkowii Arum griffithii )，是一种欧洲的植物，属于天南星科，单子叶植物纲。它生箭状叶子、红绿色的佛焰苞并结鲜红色浆果。

疆南星形态特征

块茎扁球形。叶柄基部1/3鞘状，比叶片长；叶片心状戟形或三角形，锐尖。花序柄长于叶柄或近等长，长50-60厘米。

原图链接 来自植物智

佛焰苞绿色：管部狭；檐部长披针形，急尖，内面淡绿色；附属器圆柱形，红色，比雄花序长1/2-1倍；基部中性花扁，3轮。

原图链接 来自植物智

原图链接 来自植物智

果红色。花期4-5月。采收和储藏：秋季可采收，洗净，鲜用或晒干。

分类文献

Arum korolkowii Regel. in A. H. P. 2: 407. 1877; Engl. in Engl. , Pflanzenr. 73 (4, 23F): 93. 1920; O. И. KyЗeИeВa В Б. K. LIIИIIKИH, Фл. CCCP. 3: 486. 1935. ——A. elongatum ФeДreHKO, Pact. Typk. 205. 1915, non Stev. ——Biarum sewerzowii Regel. in A. H. P. 6: 489. 1880 et 8: 682. 1884.

Arum griffithii Schott.

Herbs, tuberous, sprouting in late autumn from a disciform, vertically oriented tuber 2-5 cm in diam., 2-2.5 cm thick. Petiole mid-green, stained dull purple, terete, 10.5-28 cm × 2.5-4.4 mm. Leaf blade dark to mid-green, sagittate to sagittate-hastate, 11-30 × 4-12 cm, apex acute.

Inflorescence not scented; peduncle exceeding leaves, pale green proximally, deep green distally, terete, 11-32 cm × 5-7 mm. Spathe 12-22 cm; tube outside green, inside white, oblong-cylindric, 2.5-4 × 1.2-1.6 cm, slightly constricted apically; limb erect at first but soon flopping forward, outside mid-green with faint purple staining, inside dull purple, deeper purple along middle, paler proximally, brownish purple to purple distally, narrowly lanceolate, 9-18 × 1-3 cm, acuminate.

Spadix 2/3-3/4 as long as spathe limb, 9-20 cm in total length; female flowers in an oblong-cylindric cluster 15-17 × 5-6 mm; ovary pale greenish yellow, oblong, 2-3 mm; stigma pale grayish mauve; pistillodes in 3 or 4 whorls forming a zone 3-4 mm; bristles glossy deep violet, subulate-filiform, 3-4.5 mm; bases dark purple, bulbiform, verrucate; staminodes in 2 or 3 whorls forming a zone 3-5 mm; bristles flexuose, glossy deep violet, filiform, 2-2.5 mm; bases dark purple, barely conic, verrucate; interstices: proximal 2.5-3 mm cream-colored, longitudinally ridged; distal 1.5-2 mm cream-colored, smooth; appendix dull yellow to orange-brown, purple, or brownish purple, base paler, cylindric, tapering basally, 6-17 cm × 3-7 mm; male flowers in an oblong zone 6-7 × 4-5 mm; anthers and connectives maroon. Infructescence cylindric, 4-4.5 × 1.8-2.2 cm. Berries oblong, 4-9 × 3-4 mm. Fl. Apr-May.

Among rocks in damp soil pockets and crevices, occasionally along damp field edges; 1600-3700 m. SW Xinjiang, W Xizang [N Afghanistan, N India, Kashmir, W Nepal, N Pakistan, Tajikistan, E Turkmenistan, SE Uzbekistan; SW Asia (NE Iran)].

Arum jacquemontii has a wide distribution, occurring from the NE corner of Iran to the W Himalayas (Boyce, Gen. Arum, 139, map 17. 1993). Arum korolkowii Regel as reported in FRPS (13(2): 100-101. 1979) is, in fact, A. jacquemontii. Although similar to A. korolkowii, A. jacquemontii is readily distinguished by its dull purple, not striped, petioles, the purple spathe limb, longer spadix appendix, and purple, not green, staminode and pistillode bases.

Further, the pollen exine of A. jacquemontii is spinulose and not scabrous as in A. korolkowii. An important geographic difference is that A. jacquemontii grows farther south and east and at higher elevations than A. korolkowii.Arum jacquemontii has a wide distribution, occurring from the NE corner of Iran to the W Himalayas (Boyce, Gen. Arum, 139, map 17. 1993). Arum korolkowii Regel as reported in FRPS (13(2): 100-101. 1979) is, in fact, A. jacquemontii.

Although similar to A. korolkowii, A. jacquemontii is readily distinguished by its dull purple, not striped, petioles, the purple spathe limb, longer spadix appendix, and purple, not green, staminode and pistillode bases. Further, the pollen exine of A. jacquemontii is spinulose and not scabrous as in A. korolkowii. An important geographic difference is that A. jacquemontii grows farther south and east and at higher elevations than A. korolkowii.

疆南星生长环境

生于山地岩缝、石堆中。

疆南星分布范围

产新疆南部，伊朗、苏联中亚地区也有。