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 矮老鹳草

来自 植物智 的图片

中文名:矮老鹳草

二名法:Geranium pusillum Linnaeus

界:植物界

门:被子植物门

纲:双子叶植物纲

亚 纲:原始花被亚纲

目:牻牛儿苗目

亚 目:牻牛儿苗亚目

科:牻牛儿苗科

属:老鹳草属

种:矮老鹤草

矮老鹳草(ǎi lǎo guàn cǎo),学名:Geranium pusillum Linnaeus ,为牻牛儿苗科老鹳草属下的一个种。一年生草本 茎高10-50厘米,直立或外倾,节处不生根,有0.1-0.3开展非腺状毛和0.1-0.2毫米开展的腺毛。托叶披针形,清楚。 叶对生 叶柄具0.1-0.3毫米开展的非腺状的毛状体和0.1-0.2毫米开展的腺毛; 叶片1.5-3.8厘米,掌状半裂,主要凹缺/中间段长的比率=0.3-0.75,具贴伏的非腺状柔毛;裂片5,倒三角形,基部2-4毫米宽,先端3(-5)浅裂,次凹缺/中间段长的比率=0.16-0.29。小聚伞花序单生,产于海拔1800-2300米,台湾归化[1]

矮老鹳草形态特征

一年生草本 茎高10-50厘米,直立或外倾,节处不生根,有0.1-0.3开展非腺状毛和0.1-0.2毫米开展的腺毛。托叶披针形,清楚。 叶对生 叶柄具0.1-0.3毫米开展的非腺状的毛状体和0.1-0.2毫米开展的腺毛;

叶片1.5-3.8厘米,掌状半裂,主要凹缺/中间段长的比率=0.3-0.75,具贴伏的非腺状柔毛;裂片5,倒三角形,基部2-4毫米宽,先端3(-5)浅裂,次凹缺/中间段长的比率=0.16-0.29。

小聚伞花序单生,2花;花序梗0.5-3.2 厘米花梗0.6-1.6厘米,具毫米开展毛状体和0.1-0.2毫米开展腺毛; 披针形小苞片线形。 萼片3-4.5毫米,短尖头大约0.1毫米;

短尖头/萼片长度的比率=0.02-0.03,外面有0.6 -1毫米开展的非腺状毛和0.2-0.5毫米多少开展的非腺毛和腺毛,外面无毛。花瓣浅紫色,2-3毫米,直立到开展,两面无毛,基部边缘具缘毛,先端微缺有0.2-0.5毫米凹口。

雄蕊外轮无花药,退化为5退化雄蕊;白色的花丝,披针形,背面具柔毛和下半部具缘毛,毛状体毫米; 略带紫色的花药,大约毫米蜜腺5,半球形,无毛。 柱头淡黄。

果0.9-1.1厘米,未发育完全时直立;分果瓣光滑,没有基疣,具0.2毫米贴伏的非腺状毛,基部具少量纤毛;喙7-9毫米,不具狭窄的先端;柱头残余长0.5-0.7毫米。种子1.7-1.8毫米。花期。6-7月,果期8-10月。 2n = 26。

Annuals. Stem 10-50 cm tall, erect or decumbent, not rooting at nodes, with 0.1-0.3 mm patent nonglandular trichomes and 0.1-0.2 mm patent glandular trichomes. Stipules lanceolate, distinct. Leaves opposite; petiole with 0.1-0.3 mm patent nonglandular trichomes and 0.1-0.2 mm patent glandular trichomes; leaf blade 1.5-3.8 cm, palmately cleft, ratio of main sinus/middle segment length = 0.3-0.75, pilose with appressed nonglandular trichomes; segments 5, obtriangular, 2-4 mm wide at base, 3(-5)-lobed at apex, ratio of second sinus/middle segment length = 0.16-0.29.

Cymules solitary, 2-flowered; peduncle 0.5-3.2 cm. Pedicel 0.6-1.6 cm, with 0.1-0.3 mm patent nonglandular trichomes and 0.1-0.2 mm patent glandular trichomes; bracteoles linear-lanceolate. Sepals 3-4.5 mm, mucro ca. 0.1 mm, ratio of mucro/sepal length = 0.02-0.03, outside with 0.6-1 mm patent nonglandular trichomes and 0.2-0.5 mm ± patent nonglandular and glandular trichomes, outside glabrous.

Petals pale purple, 2-3 mm, erect to patent, both surfaces glabrous, margin basally ciliate, apex emarginate with a 0.2-0.5 mm notch. Stamens external whorl lacking anthers and reduced to 5 staminodes; filaments white, lanceolate, abaxially pilose and proximal half ciliate, trichomes 0.1-0.2 mm; anthers purplish, ca. 0.3 mm. Nectaries 5, hemispheric, glabrous.

Stigma yellowish. Fruit 0.9-1.1 cm, erect when immature; mericarps smooth, without a basal callus, with to 0.2 mm appressed nonglandular trichomes, base with a few cilia; rostrum 7-9 mm, without a narrowed apex; stigmatic remains 0.5-0.7 mm. Seeds 1.7-1.8 mm. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 26.

产地生境

Open habitats, dry grassland, cultivated and waste places; 1800-2300 m. Naturalized in Taiwan [native to Afghanistan, W Asia, Europe, Kashmir, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan].

开阔的生境,干燥牧场,栽培的和废弃处;海拔1800-2300米。在台湾归化 [原产于阿富汗,亚洲西部,欧洲,克什米尔,哈萨克斯坦,吉尔吉斯斯坦,俄罗斯,塔吉克斯坦,土库曼斯坦,乌兹别克 ].

辨析

Although found as a naturalized weed in Taiwan, this species could be found as a native plant near the W boundaries of China, because its natural area includes the W Himalayas. This species also grows as an introduced weed in America and Australia. 虽然在台湾被认为是一种归化的野草,但本种在中国西部边界上应该能够找到,因为它的自然分布区包括喜玛拉雅山脉西部。本种在美国和澳大利亚也是一种引入的杂草。

参考来源

  1. 矮老鹳草, 植物智, 2020-01-18