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石山巴豆 |
中文名:石山巴豆 拉丁学名:Croton euryphyllus W. W. Smith 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:牻牛儿苗目 亚 目:大戟亚目 科:大戟科 属:巴豆属 |
石山巴豆(shí shān bā dòu),学名Croton euryphyllus W. W. Smith,异名:Croton caudatiformis Croton cavaleriei ,为大戟科、巴豆属的灌木,叶纸质,花期4-5月。分布于广西、四川西南部、贵州南部及云南等省区。 [1]
石山巴豆形态特征
石山巴豆是 灌木,高3-5米;嫩枝、叶和花序均被很快脱落的星状柔毛,枝条淡黄褐色。叶纸质,近圆形至阔卵形,长6.5-8.5厘米,宽6-8厘米;
顶端短尖或钝,有时尾状,基部心形,稀阔楔形,边缘具粗钝锯齿,齿间有时有具柄腺体;基出脉(3-) 5 (-7)条,侧脉3-5对,在近叶缘处弯拱连结;
叶柄长(1.5) 3-7厘米,顶端有2枚具柄腺体;托叶线形,长7-8毫米,早落。花序总状,长达15厘米,有时基部有分枝,苞片线状三角形,长2-3毫米,几无毛,早落;
花梗长1-3毫米;花蕾的顶端被毛;雄花:萼片披针形,长约 2.5毫米;花瓣比萼片小,边缘被绵毛;雄蕊约15枚,无毛;雌花:萼片披针形,长约3毫米;
花瓣细小,钻状;子房密被星状毛,花柱2裂,几无毛。 蒴果近圆球状,长1.2-1.5厘米,直径约1.2厘米,密被短星状毛;种子椭圆状,暗灰褐色。花期4-5月。
Croton caudatiformis Handel-Mazzetti; C. cavaleriei Gagnepain.
Shrubs or treelets 3-6 m tall; indumentum stellate-pubescent, mostly very quickly deciduous; branches yellowish brown. Stipules linear, 7-8 mm, caducous; petiole 1.5-7 cm, apex with 2 stalked glands; leaf blade rotund to broadly ovate, 6.5-8.5 × 6-8 cm, papery, base cordate, rarely broadly cuneate, margins with scabrous, obtuse serration, sometimes interserratures with stalked glands, apex shortly acuminate or obtuse, sometimes caudate; basal veins (3-)5(-7), lateral veins 3-5 pairs, arcuately ascending, anastomosing near margins.
Inflorescences to 15 cm, sometimes branching at base; bracts linear-triangular, 2-3 mm, glabrescent, caducous; pedicels 1-3 mm; buds pubescent at apex. Male flowers: sepals lanceolate, ca. 2.5 mm; petals smaller than sepals, margins woolly; stamens ca. 15, glabrous.
Female flowers: sepals lanceolate, ca. 3 mm; petals small, subulate; ovary densely stellate-pubescent; styles bifid, glabrescent. Capsules subglobose, 1.2-1.5 × ca. 1.2 cm, densely stellate-pubescent. Seeds ellipsoidal, dark gray-brown. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Sep.
分类文献
Croton euryphyllus W. W. Smith in Not. Roy Bot. Gard. Edinb. 13: 159. 1921; Croiz. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 21: 500. 1940; Y. T. Chang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 24: 145. 1986. ——C. cavaleriei Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 68: 550. 1921; S. Lee et F. N. Wei in Guihaia 2: 130, p1. 2. 1982. ——C. caudatiformis Hand. -Mazz. in Anzeig. Akad. Wiss. Wien. 62: 225. 1925, et Symb. Sin. 7: 217. 1931.
石山巴豆生长环境
生于海拔200-2400米疏林中。
石山巴豆分布范围
分布于广西、四川西南部、贵州南部及云南等省区。
石山巴豆主要价值
根:用于风湿骨痛,跌打损伤。