红花肉叶荠查看源代码讨论查看历史
| 红花肉叶荠 |
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中文学名:红花肉叶荠 别 称:短葶肉叶荠古铜色肉叶荠、 红花柏蕾荠、条叶肉叶荠、无毛肉叶荠 二名法:Braya rosea (Turcz.) Bunge 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 Magnoliophyta 纲:木兰纲 Magnoliopsida 亚 纲:五桠果亚纲 Dilleniidae 目:白花菜目 Capparales 科:十字花科 Cruciferae 族:大蒜芥族 Trib. Sisymbrieae 属:肉叶荠属 Braya 种:红花肉叶荠 |
红花肉叶荠，多年生丛生草本，十字花科 Cruciferae。花瓣淡红色，窄倒卵形或匙形，被单毛与短分枝毛。生于海拔2500米的山坡。 [1]
红花肉叶荠形态特征
多年生丛生草本，高2-5厘米，被单毛与短分枝毛。
叶全部基生，叶片椭圆形、长椭圆形或长圆状倒卵形，长1.5-2厘米，顶端渐尖，小齿。
花序成紧密的头状，果期稍伸长；萼片长2-2.5毫米，黄色，末端有时变为紫黑色，背面顶端隆起，具单毛或分枝毛；花瓣淡红色，窄倒卵形或匙形，长约3毫米，顶端钝圆，基部楔形。
角果卵形或长?残危??3-4.5毫米，宽约1.5毫米；花柱长0.5-1毫米；果梗长2-4毫米。花期7月。
Platypetalum roseum Turczaninow, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 11: 87. 1838; Braya aenea Bunge; B. aenea subsp. pseudoaenia Petrovsky; B. angustifolia (N. Busch) Vassilczenko; B. brachycarpa Vassilczenko; B. brevicaulis Em. Schmid; B. limosella Bunge; B. limoselloides Bunge ex Ledebour; B. rosea var. aenea (Bunge) Malyschev; B. rosea var. brachycarpa (Vassilczenko) Malyschev; B. rosea var. glabra Regel & Schmalhausen; B. rosea var. leiocarpa O. E. Schulz; B. rosea var. multicaulis B. Fedtschenko; B. rosea var. simplicior B. Fedtschenko; B. sinuata Maximowicz; Braya thomsonii J. D. Hooker; B. tibetica J. D. Hooker & Thomson; B. tibetica f. breviscapa Pampanini; B. tibetica f. linearifolia Z. X. An; B. tibetica f. sinuata (Maximowicz) O. E. Schulz; B. tinkleri Em. Schmid; Hesperis limosella (Bunge) Kuntze; H. limoselloides (Bunge ex Ledebour) Kuntze; H. rosea (Turczaninow) Kuntze; Sisymbrium alpinum (Sternberg & Hoppe) Fournier var. aeneum (Bunge) Trautvetter; S. alpinum var. roseum (Turczaninow) Trautvetter; S. limosella (Bunge) Fournier.
Herbs (1-)3-10(-16) cm tall, scapose, densely to sparsely pilose with short-stalked, forked trichomes sometimes mixed with simple ones, rarely glabrous throughout except for petiole margin; caudex slender, sometimes with petiolar remains of previous years, simple or few branched. Basal leaves rosulate; petiole (0.2-)0.4-1.6(-3) cm, slender or slightly expanded at base, ciliate; leaf blade linear, oblong, oblanceolate, obovate, (0.4-)1-3(-4) cm × 0.5-3.5(-6) mm, densely to sparsely pilose or glabrous, base attenuate, margin entire, dentate, or sinuate, apex obtuse or acute. Scapes densely pilose or glabrous, leafless or rarely 1-leaved. Racemes ebracteate, capitate or rarely considerably elongated in fruit. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or ascending, 1.5-5(-7) mm. Sepals subapically purple or greenish, oblong, 1.5-2.5(-3) × 1-1.2 mm, glabrous or densely pubescent, broadly white margined. Petals purple, pink, or white, spatulate or obovate, (2.5-)3-4(-4.5) × (0.7-)1-1.5 mm, apex obtuse. Filaments 1.3-1.8 mm; anthers ovate, ca. 0.3 mm. Ovules 8-12 per ovary. Fruit ovoid or oblong, (2-)3-6.5(-8) × 1-2 mm, glabrous or densely pubescent; style 0.2-0.7(-1) mm. Seeds ca. 0.7-1 × 0.4-0.5 mm. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Jul-Sep.
Mountain slopes, river banks, scree, weathered marble rocks and debris, steppe, alpine cushions; 2500-5300 m. Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang [Bhutan, India, Kashmir, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan].
Critical examination of numerous collections of Braya aenea, B. rosea, B. thomsonii, and B. tibetica, including types and authentic material, reveal that there is not a single character that can be used reliably to distinguish these "species." These and the other synonyms above represent "taxa" that are based on a small portion of the numerous morphological extremes of B. rosea. The species shows continuous variation in amount of indumentum, leaf shape and margin, relative length of scape to basal rosette, duration of sepals, petal color and shape, and fruit shape and length. In the absence of detailed field work and experimental studies, the present authors prefer not to recognize any of the taxa described in this complex.
红花肉叶荠生长环境
生长于海拔2500米的山坡。
红花肉叶荠分布范围
产自青海、新疆、四川、西藏。蒙古西部以及苏联的西伯利亚也有分布。模式标本采自阿尔泰（苏联部分）。
红花肉叶荠主要价值
全年均可采收，洗净，鲜用或晒干。